| [9] | 1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
|
|---|
| 2 | .\" All rights reserved.
|
|---|
| 3 | .\"
|
|---|
| 4 | .\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
|
|---|
| 5 | .\" John B. Roll Jr. and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
|
|---|
| 6 | .\" Engineers, Inc.
|
|---|
| 7 | .\"
|
|---|
| 8 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
|
|---|
| 9 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
|
|---|
| 10 | .\" are met:
|
|---|
| 11 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
|
|---|
| 12 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
|
|---|
| 13 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
|
|---|
| 14 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
|
|---|
| 15 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
|
|---|
| 16 | .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
|
|---|
| 17 | .\" must display the following acknowledgement:
|
|---|
| 18 | .\" This product includes software developed by the University of
|
|---|
| 19 | .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
|
|---|
| 20 | .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
|
|---|
| 21 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
|
|---|
| 22 | .\" without specific prior written permission.
|
|---|
| 23 | .\"
|
|---|
| 24 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
|
|---|
| 25 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
|
|---|
| 26 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
|
|---|
| 27 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
|
|---|
| 28 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
|
|---|
| 29 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
|
|---|
| 30 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
|
|---|
| 31 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
|
|---|
| 32 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
|
|---|
| 33 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
|
|---|
| 34 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|---|
| 35 | .\"
|
|---|
| 36 | .\" @(#)xargs.1 5.5 (Berkeley) 6/27/91
|
|---|
| 37 | .\"
|
|---|
| 38 | .TH XARGS 1 "June 27, 1991"
|
|---|
| 39 | .UC 7
|
|---|
| 40 | .SH NAME
|
|---|
| 41 | xargs \- construct argument list(s) and execute utility.
|
|---|
| 42 | .SH SYNOPSIS
|
|---|
| 43 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 44 | .RB [ \-ft0 ]
|
|---|
| 45 | .RB [[ \-x ]
|
|---|
| 46 | .B \-n
|
|---|
| 47 | .IR number ]
|
|---|
| 48 | .RB [ \-s
|
|---|
| 49 | .IR size ]
|
|---|
| 50 | .RI [ utility
|
|---|
| 51 | .RI [ argument " ...]]"
|
|---|
| 52 | .SH DESCRIPTION
|
|---|
| 53 | The
|
|---|
| 54 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 55 | utility reads space, tab, newline and end-of-file delimited arguments
|
|---|
| 56 | from the standard input and executes the specified
|
|---|
| 57 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 58 | with them as arguments.
|
|---|
| 59 | .PP
|
|---|
| 60 | The utility and any arguments specified on the command line are given
|
|---|
| 61 | to the
|
|---|
| 62 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 63 | upon each invocation, followed by some number of the arguments read
|
|---|
| 64 | from standard input.
|
|---|
| 65 | The
|
|---|
| 66 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 67 | is repeatedly executed until standard input is exhausted.
|
|---|
| 68 | .PP
|
|---|
| 69 | Spaces, tabs and newlines may be embedded in arguments using single (`` ' '')
|
|---|
| 70 | or double (``"'') quotes or backslashes (``\e'').
|
|---|
| 71 | Single quotes escape all non-single quote characters, excluding newlines,
|
|---|
| 72 | up to the matching single quote.
|
|---|
| 73 | Double quotes escape all non-double quote characters, excluding newlines,
|
|---|
| 74 | up to the matching double quote.
|
|---|
| 75 | Any single character, including newlines, may be escaped by a backslash.
|
|---|
| 76 | .PP
|
|---|
| 77 | The options are as follows:
|
|---|
| 78 | .TP
|
|---|
| 79 | .B \-f
|
|---|
| 80 | Force
|
|---|
| 81 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 82 | to ignore the exit status returned by
|
|---|
| 83 | .IR utility .
|
|---|
| 84 | By default,
|
|---|
| 85 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 86 | will exit immediately if
|
|---|
| 87 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 88 | exits with a non-zero exit status.
|
|---|
| 89 | This does not include ignoring
|
|---|
| 90 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 91 | exiting due to a signal or without calling
|
|---|
| 92 | .BR exit (2).
|
|---|
| 93 | .TP
|
|---|
| 94 | .BI \-n " number"
|
|---|
| 95 | Set the maximum number of arguments taken from standard input for each
|
|---|
| 96 | invocation of the utility.
|
|---|
| 97 | An invocation of
|
|---|
| 98 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 99 | will use less than
|
|---|
| 100 | .I number
|
|---|
| 101 | standard input arguments if the number of bytes accumulated (see the
|
|---|
| 102 | .I \-s
|
|---|
| 103 | option) exceeds the specified
|
|---|
| 104 | .I size
|
|---|
| 105 | or there are fewer than
|
|---|
| 106 | .I number
|
|---|
| 107 | arguments remaining for the last invocation of
|
|---|
| 108 | .IR utility .
|
|---|
| 109 | The current default value for
|
|---|
| 110 | .I number
|
|---|
| 111 | is 5000.
|
|---|
| 112 | .TP
|
|---|
| 113 | .BI \-s " size"
|
|---|
| 114 | Set the maximum number of bytes for the command line length provided to
|
|---|
| 115 | .IR utility .
|
|---|
| 116 | The sum of the length of the utility name and the arguments passed to
|
|---|
| 117 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 118 | (including NULL terminators) will be less than or equal to this number.
|
|---|
| 119 | The current default value for
|
|---|
| 120 | .I size
|
|---|
| 121 | is ARG_MAX - 2048.
|
|---|
| 122 | .TP
|
|---|
| 123 | .B \-t
|
|---|
| 124 | Echo the command to be executed to standard error immediately before it
|
|---|
| 125 | is executed.
|
|---|
| 126 | .TP
|
|---|
| 127 | .B \-x
|
|---|
| 128 | Force
|
|---|
| 129 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 130 | to terminate immediately if a command line containing
|
|---|
| 131 | .I number
|
|---|
| 132 | arguments will not fit in the specified (or default) command line length.
|
|---|
| 133 | .TP
|
|---|
| 134 | .B \-0
|
|---|
| 135 | Read null-byte terminated pathnames from standard input as may have been
|
|---|
| 136 | produced by the
|
|---|
| 137 | .B \-print0
|
|---|
| 138 | option of
|
|---|
| 139 | .BR find (1).
|
|---|
| 140 | This is a MINIX 3 specific extension to
|
|---|
| 141 | .BR xargs .
|
|---|
| 142 | .PP
|
|---|
| 143 | If no
|
|---|
| 144 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 145 | is specified,
|
|---|
| 146 | .BR echo (1)
|
|---|
| 147 | is used.
|
|---|
| 148 | .PP
|
|---|
| 149 | Undefined behavior may occur if
|
|---|
| 150 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 151 | reads from the standard input.
|
|---|
| 152 | .PP
|
|---|
| 153 | .B Xargs
|
|---|
| 154 | exits with an exit status of 0 if no error occurs.
|
|---|
| 155 | If
|
|---|
| 156 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 157 | cannot be invoked, is terminated by a signal or terminates without
|
|---|
| 158 | calling
|
|---|
| 159 | .BR exit (2),
|
|---|
| 160 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 161 | exits with an exit status of 127.
|
|---|
| 162 | If
|
|---|
| 163 | .I utility
|
|---|
| 164 | exits with an exit status other than 0,
|
|---|
| 165 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 166 | exits with that exit status.
|
|---|
| 167 | Otherwise,
|
|---|
| 168 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 169 | exits with an exit status of 1.
|
|---|
| 170 | .SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|---|
| 171 | .BR echo (1),
|
|---|
| 172 | .BR find (1).
|
|---|
| 173 | .SH STANDARDS
|
|---|
| 174 | The
|
|---|
| 175 | .B xargs
|
|---|
| 176 | utility is expected to be POSIX 1003.2 compliant.
|
|---|
