Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/abort.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/abort.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,27 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)abort.3 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/27/86 -.\" -.TH ABORT 3 "May 27, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -abort \- generate a fault -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -void abort(void) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Abort -executes an instruction which is illegal in user mode. -This causes a signal that normally terminates -the process with a core dump, which may be used for debugging. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR sigaction (2), -.BR exit (2). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -Usually ``abort \- core dumped'' from the shell. -.SH BUGS -The abort() function does not flush standard I/O buffers. Use -.BR fflush (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/abs.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/abs.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,24 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)abs.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH ABS 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -abs \- integer absolute value -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int abs(int \fIi\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Abs -returns the absolute value of its integer operand. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR floor (3). -.SH BUGS -Applying the \fIabs\fP function to the most negative integer generates a -result which is the most negative integer. That is, abs(0x80000000) -returns 0x80000000 as a result on a machine with 32-bit ints. Using the -result in unsigned computations is sound however. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/assert.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/assert.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,42 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)assert.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH ASSERT 3 "May 12, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -assert \- program verification -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -void assert(int \fIexpression\fP) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Assert -is a macro that indicates -.I expression -is expected to be true at this point in the program. -It causes an -.BR abort (3) -with a diagnostic comment on the standard output when -.I expression -is false (0). -Compiling with the -.BR cc (1) -option -.SM -.B \-DNDEBUG -effectively deletes -.B assert -from the program. -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -`Assertion "\fIexpression\fR" failed: file -.I f -line -.IR n .' -.I F -is the source file and -.I n -the source line number of the -.B assert -statement. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/atof.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/atof.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,39 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)atof.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH ATOF 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -atof, atoi, atol \- convert ASCII to numbers -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -double atof(const char *\fInptr\fP) -int atoi(const char *\fInptr\fP) -long atol(const char *\fInptr\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These functions convert a string pointed to by -.I nptr -to floating, integer, and long integer representation respectively. -The first unrecognized character ends the string. -.PP -.B Atof -recognizes an optional string of spaces, then an optional sign, then -a string of digits optionally containing a decimal -point, then an optional `e' or `E' followed by an optionally signed integer. -.PP -.B Atoi -and -.B atol -recognize an optional string of spaces, then an optional sign, then a -string of -digits. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR strtol (3), -.BR strtod (3), -.BR scanf (3). -.SH BUGS -There are no provisions for overflow. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/bstring.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/bstring.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,84 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)bstring.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH BSTRING 3 "May 15, 1985" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -bstring, bcopy, bcmp, bzero, ffs \- bit and byte string operations -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include -#include - -void bcopy(const void *\fIsrc\fP, void *\fIdst\fP, size_t \fIlength\fP) -int bcmp(const void *\fIb1\fP, const void *\fIb2\fP, size_t \fIlength\fP) -void bzero(void *\fIdst\fP, size_t \fIlength\fP) -int ffs(int \fIi\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -The functions -.BR bcopy , -.BR bcmp , -and -.B bzero -operate on variable length strings of bytes. -They do not check for null bytes as the routines in -.BR string (3) -do. -.PP -.B Bcopy -copies -.I length -bytes from string -.I src -to the string -.IR dst . -.PP -.B Bcmp -compares byte string -.I b1 -against byte string -.IR b2 , -returning zero if they are identical, -non-zero otherwise. Both strings are -assumed to be -.I length -bytes long. -.PP -.B Bzero -places -.I length -0 bytes in the string -.IR b1 . -.PP -.B Ffs -find the first bit set in the argument passed it and -returns the index of that bit. Bits are numbered -starting at 1. A return value of 0 indicates the -value passed is zero. -.SH BUGS -The -.BR bcopy , -.BR bcmp , -and -.BR bzero -functions are obsolete; new code should use -.BR memmove , -.BR memcmp , -and -.BR memset -respectively. -.PP -The -.B bcopy -routine takes parameters backwards from -.BR memcpy , -.BR memmove , -and -.BR strcpy . Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/configfile.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/configfile.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,194 +1,0 @@ -.TH CONFIGFILE 3 -.SH NAME -configfile, config_read, config_delete, config_renewed, config_length, config_issub, config_isatom, config_isstring \- generic configuration file functions -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#include - -config_t *config_read(const char *\fIfile\fP, int \fIflags\fP, config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -void config_delete(config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -int config_renewed(config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -size_t config_length(config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -int config_issub(config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -int config_isatom(config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -int config_isstring(config_t *\fIcfg\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -The -.B configfile -routines operate on a generic configuration file that follows the syntax -described in -.BR configfile (5). -.PP -The interface presented by the functions above uses the following type and -definitions from : -.PP -.if n .in +2 -.if t .RS -.nf -.ta +\w'type'u +\w'const charmm'u +\w'word[];mm'u -typedef const struct config { - config_t *next; /* Next configuration file thing. */ - config_t *list; /* For a { sublist }. */ - const char *file; /* File and line where this is found. */ - unsigned line; - int flags; /* Special flags. */ - char word[]; /* Payload. */ -} config_t; - -.ta +\w'#definem'u +\w'CFG_SUBLISTm'u +\w'0x0000mm'u -#define CFG_CLONG 0x0001 /* strtol(word, &end, 0) is valid. */ -#define CFG_OLONG 0x0002 /* strtol(word, &end, 010). */ -#define CFG_DLONG 0x0004 /* strtol(word, &end, 10). */ -#define CFG_XLONG 0x0008 /* strtol(word, &end, 0x10). */ -#define CFG_CULONG 0x0010 /* strtoul(word, &end, 0). */ -#define CFG_OULONG 0x0020 /* strtoul(word, &end, 010). */ -#define CFG_DULONG 0x0040 /* strtoul(word, &end, 10). */ -#define CFG_XULONG 0x0080 /* strtoul(word, &end, 0x10). */ -#define CFG_STRING 0x0100 /* The word is enclosed in quotes. */ -#define CFG_SUBLIST 0x0200 /* This is a sublist, so no word. */ -#define CFG_ESCAPED 0x0400 /* Escapes are still marked with \e. */ -.fi -.if n .in -2 -.if t .RE -.PP -In memory a configuration file is represented as a list of -.B config_t -cells linked together with the -.B next -field ending with a null pointer. A sublist between braces is attached to a -cell at the -.B list -field. -Words and strings are put in the -.B word -field, a null terminated string. The -.B flags -field records the type and features of a cell. The -.B CFG_*LONG -flags are set if a word is a number according to one of the -.B strtol -or -.B strtoul -calls. Purely a number, no quotes or trailing garbage. The -.B CFG_STRING -flag is set if the object was enclosed in double quotes. Lastly -.B CFG_SUBLIST -tells if the cell is only a pointer to a sublist in braces. -.PP -Characters in a word or string may have been formed with the -.B \e -escape character. They have been parsed and expanded, but the \e is still -present if -.B CFG_ESCAPED -is set. The -.B word -array may be changed, as long as it doesn't grow longer, so one may remove -the \es like this: -.PP -.RS -.ta +4n +4n -.nf -if (cfg->flags & CFG_ESCAPED) { - char *p, *q; - p= q= cfg->word; - for (;;) { - if ((*q = *p) == '\e\e') *q = *++p; - if (*q == 0) break; - p++; - q++; - } -} -.fi -.RE -.PP -The low level syntax of a config file is checked when it is read. If an -error is encountered a message is printed and the program exits with exit -code 1. What the data means is not checked, that -should be done by the program using the data. Only the atom -.B include -at the beginning of a list is special. It should be followed by a string. -The string is seen as the name of a file, that is opened, read, and inserted -in place of the -.BR include . -Unless the name of the file starts with a -.BR / , -it is sought relative to the directory the current file is found in. -Nonexistent files are treated as being empty. -.PP -The -.B file -and -.B line -fields in each cell tell where the cell was read. -.SS Functions -A configuration file is read with -.BR config_read . -The first argument is the file to read. The second is either -.B 0 -or -.B CFG_ESCAPED -to tell whether \e escapes should be fully expanded without leaving a trace, -or if they should still be marked with a \e so that the caller knows where -the excapes are. -The third argument, -.IR cfg , -should be a null pointer on the first call. If you want to reread a config -file that may have changed then -.I cfg -should be what you previously read. -.PP -With -.B config_delete -one can free up the memory that has been acquired with -.BR malloc (3) -to hold the contents of the configuration file. -.PP -To determine if the contents of configuration file has changed when reread -one uses -.BR config_renewed -after -.BR config_read . -It returns a "changed" flag that is set when the configuration file changed -and then clears that flag. It returns true on the very first call. For the -function to work you need to feed the old data back into -.BR config_read , -not delete and reread. -.PP -The length of a series of config structures is told by -.BR config_length . -It follows the -.B next -fields, so a sublist between braces counts as one extra. -.PP -The -.BR config_issub , -.BR config_isatom -and -.BR config_isstring -functions are just pretty macros to test if a cell references a sublist, is -a word/string, or is just a string. -.B CFG_SUBLIST -and -.B CFG_STRING -tell the same story. -.SH FILES -.TP \w'*/etc/*.confmmmm'u -.B */etc/*.conf -Several files in several -.B etc -directories. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR configfile (5). -.SH NOTES -The syntax of a config file puts some constraints on what you find in memory. -The top level list consists entirely of sublist cells. These point to lists -that start with at least an atom, followed by a mix of atoms and sublist cells. -These sublists in turn point to a list of only sublist cells (recurse now.) -.PP -The struct config shown above is not exactly proper C to aid -readability, read itself to see why. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/crypt.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/crypt.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,71 +1,0 @@ -.TH CRYPT 3 -.SH NAME -crypt \- one-way password encryption function -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#define _MINIX_SOURCE 1 -#include - -char *crypt(const char *\fIkey\fP, const char *\fIsalt\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -The first use of -.B crypt() -is to encrypt a password. Its second use is to authenticate a shadow -password. In both cases -.B crypt() -calls -.BR pwdauth (8) -to do the real work. -.PP -.B Crypt() -encrypts a password if called with a user typed key, and a salt -whose first two characters are in the set [./0-9A-Za-z]. The result is a -character string in the [./0-9A-Za-z] alphabet of which the first two -characters are equal to the salt, and the rest is the result of encrypting -the key and the salt. -.PP -If -.B crypt() -is called with a salt that has the form -.BI "##" user -then the key is encrypted and compared to the encrypted password of -.I user -in the shadow password file. If they are equal then -.B crypt() -returns the -.BI "##" user -argument, if not then some other string is returned. This trick assures -that the normal way to authenticate a password still works: -.PP -.RS -.nf -if (strcmp(pw->pw_passwd, crypt(key, pw->pw_passwd))) ... -.fi -.RE -.PP -If -.I key -is a null string, and the shadow password is a null string or the salt is a -null string then the result equals -.IR salt . -(This is because the caller can't tell if a password field is empty in the -shadow password file.) -.PP -The key and salt are limited to 1024 bytes total including the null bytes. -.SH FILES -.TP 25 -/usr/lib/pwdauth -The password authentication program -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR getpass (3), -.BR getpwent (3), -.BR passwd (5), -.BR pwdauth (8). -.SH NOTES -The result of an encryption is returned in a static array that is -overwritten by each call. The return value should not be modified. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/ctime.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/ctime.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,109 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)ctime.3 6.8 (Berkeley) 4/2/87 -.\" -.TH CTIME 3 "April 2, 1987" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -ctime, localtime, gmtime, asctime, tzset \- convert date and time to ASCII -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include - -void tzset(void) -char *ctime(const time_t *\fIclock\fP) -char *asctime(const struct tm *\fItm\fP) -struct tm *localtime(const time_t *\fIclock\fP) -struct tm *gmtime(const time_t *\fIclock\fP) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -\fBTzset\fP uses the value of the environment variable \fBTZ\fP to -set up the time conversion information used by \fBlocaltime\fP. -.PP -If \fBTZ\fP does not appear in the environment, the \fBTZDEFAULT\fP -file (as defined in \fI\fP) is used by \fBlocaltime\fP. If -this file fails for any reason, the GMT offset as provided by the -kernel is used. In this case, DST is ignored, resulting in the time -being incorrect by some amount if DST is currently in effect. If -this fails for any reason, GMT is used. -.PP -If \fBTZ\fP appears in the environment but its value is a null string, -Greenwich Mean Time is used; if \fBTZ\fP appears and begins with a -slash, it is used as the absolute pathname of the \fBtzfile\fP(5)-format -file from which to read the time conversion information; if \fBTZ\fP -appears and begins with a character other than a slash, it's used as -a pathname relative to the system time conversion information directory, -defined as \fBTZDIR\fP in the include file \fBtzfile.h\fP. If this file -fails for any reason, the GMT offset as provided by the kernel is -used, as described above. If this fails for any reason, GMT is used. -See -.BR TZ (5) -for a proper description of the -.B TZ -variable. -.PP -\fBCtime\fP converts a time value, pointed to by \fIclock\fP, -such as returned by \fBtime\fP(2) into ASCII and returns a pointer -to a 26-character string in the following form. All the fields -have constant width. -.PP -.RS -.nf -Sun Sep 16 01:03:52 1973\en\e0 -.fi -.RE -.PP -.B Localtime -and -.B gmtime -return pointers to structures containing -the broken-down time. -.B Localtime -corrects for the time zone and possible daylight savings time; -.B gmtime -converts directly to GMT, which is the time UNIX uses. -.B Asctime -converts a broken-down time to ASCII and returns a pointer -to a 26-character string. -.PP -The structure declaration from the include file is: -.PP -.RS -.nf -.nr .0 .8i+\w'int tm_isdst'u -.ta .5i \n(.0u \n(.0u+\w'/* 0-000'u+1n -struct tm { - int tm_sec; /* 0-59 seconds */ - int tm_min; /* 0-59 minutes */ - int tm_hour; /* 0-23 hour */ - int tm_mday; /* 1-31 day of month */ - int tm_mon; /* 0-11 month */ - int tm_year; /* 0- year \- 1900 */ - int tm_wday; /* 0-6 day of week (Sunday = 0) */ - int tm_yday; /* 0-365 day of year */ - int tm_isdst; /* flag: daylight savings time in effect */ -}; -.fi -.RE -.PP -\fBTm_isdst\fP is non-zero if a time zone adjustment such as Daylight -Savings time is in effect. -.SH FILES -.ta \w'/usr/lib/zoneinfo\0\0'u -/usr/lib/zoneinfo time zone information directory -.br -/etc/localtime local time zone file -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR time (2), -.BR getenv (3), -.BR tzfile (5), -.BR TZ (5), -.BR environ (7), -.BR zic (8). -.SH NOTE -The return values point to static data whose content is overwritten by -each call. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/ctype.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/ctype.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,95 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)ctype.3 6.4 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH CTYPE 3 "May 12, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -ctype, isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii \- character classification macros -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int isalpha(int \fIc\fP) -\&... -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These macros classify characters -by table lookup. -Each is a predicate returning nonzero for true, -zero for false. -.B Isascii -and -.B toascii -are defined on all integer values; the rest -are defined only on the range of -.B "unsigned char" -and on the special value -EOF (see -.BR stdio (3)). -.TP 15n -.B isalpha -.I c -is a letter -.TP -.B isupper -.I c -is an upper case letter -.TP -.B islower -.I c -is a lower case letter -.TP -.B isdigit -.I c -is a digit -.TP -.B isxdigit -.I c -is a hex digit -.TP -.B isalnum -.I c -is an alphanumeric character -.TP -.B isspace -.I c -is a space, tab, carriage return, newline, vertical tab, or formfeed -.TP -.B ispunct -.I c -is a punctuation character (neither control nor alphanumeric) -.TP -.B isprint -.I c -is a printing character, code 040(8) (space) through 0176 (tilde) -.TP -.B isgraph -.I c -is a printing character, similar to -.B isprint -except false for space. -.TP -.B iscntrl -.I c -is a delete character (0177) or ordinary control character -(less than 040). -.TP -.B isascii -.I c -is an ASCII character, code less than 0200 -.TP -.B tolower -.I c -is converted to lower case. Return value is undefined if not -.BR isupper (\fIc\fR). -.TP -.B toupper -.I c -is converted to upper case. Return value is undefined if not -.BR islower (\fIc\fR). -.TP -.B toascii -.I c -is converted to be a valid ascii character. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ascii (7) Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/curses.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/curses.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,248 +1,0 @@ -.TH CURSES 3 -.SH NAME -curses \- screen/window management library -.SH SYNOPSIS -cc demo.c -lcurses -.SH DESCRIPTION -Curses is a library of screen and window management routines. It is modeled -after the UNIX curses and ncurses libraries. Normally, programs written for -curses should be easily ported to UNIX, and vice versa. -.PP -To use the routines, the function initscr() must first be called. -This creates two 'windows' for the user: stdscr and curscr. Stdscr is the -default -window for the user to make changes on, and curscr reflects the current -contents of the physical display screen. The user writes or edits the stdscr -window to his liking, then calls the refresh() function to make curscr -and the physical screen look like stdscr. When the user program terminates, -it should call the endwin() function to restore things to normal. -.PP -There are all sorts of window manipulation routines available to the -programmer: auxiliary windows may be created, edited, moved and deleted. The -terminal may be set in many different modes, output text may be attributed -with blink, blank, bold and reverse attributes. Screen colors may also be -set, foreground and background. There are window-specific -printf- and scanf-like routines, routines for scrolling, box-drawing, -window overlaying, clearing routines etc. -.PP -For more and detailed information, see the library source codes. All curses -functions are preceded by a complete description. -.SH FUNCTIONS -Below is a list over the available functions, together with a brief -description of what they do. In general, functions whose names start with 'w' -differ from the one without 'w' (like wmove vs. move) signify that -a specific window is used. Without a 'w', sdtscr is implied. The functions -that start with 'mv' before the 'genereic' function name signify that a -cursor motion should be made before the actual work. 'mv' and 'w' combine -as expected. -.PP -Most routines that return an int will return the manifest constant ERR if -there is a failure during execution. Routines that return a char actually -return an int, so that ERR does not conflict with the character code 0xff. -All characters from 0 to 0xff are allowed for usage with curses. -.PP -Some routines, like {mv}{w} printw() and {mv}{w}scanw() return a meaningful -positive value if the operation is successful. -.PP -The curses package uses some predefined types, variables and manifest -constants that are also available to the programmer. There are also a few -globally accessible variables that should not be touched by the application -program. Those untouchable variables have names starting with an -underscore (_) to avoid conflicts. The user-accessible types, variables -and constants are (there are a number of other constants defining character -attribute names and function key names - consult for details): -.sp -.nf -.ta 3i -(manifest constants) -.RS -TRUE boolean true -FALSE boolean false -ERR unsuccessfull operation -OK successfull operation -.RE -.sp -(types) -.RS -WINDOW a window structure type -bool boolean flag type -.RE -.sp -(variables) -.RS -WINDOW curscr physical display image -WINDOW stdscr default user drawing board -int LINES terminal height -int COLS terminal width -int NONL \\n causes CR and LF when TRUE -.RE -.sp -.fi -The following is an alphabetical list of the curses functions, together -with their types, parameters and a short comment for each (win is a window, -ch, vc, hc are characters, buf is a character buffer, attrs is an -attribute bit map, bf is a boolean flag. Note that `characters' in this -context usually can have 16 bits): -.nf -.sp -int waddch(win,ch) put char in stdscr -int addch(ch) -int mvaddch(y,x,ch) -int mvwaddch(win,y,x,ch) - -int waddstr(win,str) put string in stdscr -int addstr(str) -int mvaddstr(y,x,str) -int mvwaddstr(win,y,x,str) - -void wattroff(win,attrs) clear attribute(s) in window -void attroff(attrs) - -void wattron(win,attrs) add attribute(s) in window -void attron(attrs) - -void wattrset(win,attrs) set window char attributes -void attrset(attrs) - -int baudrate() dummy for compatibility - -void beep() ring the bell or visible bell if no bell available - -void flash() flash terminal screen or rings bell if no visible bell available - -void wbox(win,miny,minx,maxy,maxx,vc,hc) box in a window, with given characters -void box(win,vc,hc) - -void cbreak() set terminal cbreak mode - -void wclear(win) clear stdscr -void clear() - -void clearok(win,bf) marks window for screen clear - -int wclrtobot(win) clear from cursor to end of line and all lines down this line -int clrtobot() -int mvclrtoeol(y,x) -int mvwclrtobot(win,y,x) - -int wclrtoeol(win) clear from cursor to end of line -int clrtoeol() -int mvclrtoeol(y,x) -int mvwclrtoeol(win,y,x) - -int wdelch(win) delete a char in a window -int delch() -int mvdelch(y,x) -int mvwdelch(win,y,x) - -int wdeleteln(win) delete a line in a window -int deleteln() -int mvdeleteln(y,x) -int mvwdeleteln(win,y,x) - -void delwin(win) delete a window or a subwindow -void doupdate() update physical screen -void echo() set terminal echo mode -int endwin() cleanup and curses finitialization - -void werase(win) erase a window -void erase() - -int erasechar() return char delete character -int fixterm() dummy for compatibility -void flushinp() kill pending keyboard input - -int wgetch(win) get char via a window -int getch() -int mvgetch(y,x) -int mvwgetch(win,y,x) - -int wgetstr(win,str) get string via window to a buffer -int getstr(str) -int mvgetstr(y,x,str) -int mvwgetstr(win,y,x,str) - -void getyx(win,y,x) get a window's cursor position - -int gettmode() dummy for compatibility -void idlok(win,bf) dummy for compatibility -WINDOW *initscr() curses initialization (ret stdscr or NULL) - -int winch(win) get char at window cursor -int inch() -int mvinch(y,x) -int mvwinch(win,y,x) - -int winsch(win,ch) insert character in a window -int insch(ch) -int mvinsch(y,x,ch) -int mvwinsch(win,y,x,ch) - -int winsertln(win) insert new line in a window -int insertln() -int mvinsertln(y,x) -int mvwinsertln(win,y,x) - -void keypad(win,bf) marks a window for keypad usage -int killchar() return line delete character -char *longname() returns terminal description string -void leaveok(win,bf) marks window for cursor 'update leave' -void meta(win,bf) marks window for meta -int move(y,x) move cursor in stdscr -int mvcur(oldy,oldx,y,x) move terminal cursor to - -int mvprintw(y,x,fmt,args) move & print string in stdscr - -int mvscanw(y,x,fmt,args) move & get values via stdscr -int mvwin(win,y,x) move window on physical screen -int mvwprintw(win,x,y,fmt,args) move & print string in a window -int mvwscanw(win,y,x,fmt,args) move & get values via a window -WINDOW *newwin(lines,cols,begy,begx) create a new window -void nl() set terminal cr-crlf mapping mode -void nocbreak() unset terminal cbreak mod -void nodelay(win,bf) marks window for no input wait -void noecho() unset terminal echo mode -void nonl() unset terminal cr-crlf mapping mode -void noraw() unset raw terminal mode -void overlay(win1,win2) overlay one window on another -void overwrite(win1,win2) overwrite one window on another -int printw(fmt,args) print string in stdscr -void raw() set raw terminal mode -void refrbrk(bf) set screen update break mode -void refresh() refresh stdscr -int resetterm() dummy for compatibility -int resetty() restore terminal I/O modes -int saveoldterm() dummy for compatibility -int saveterm() dummy for compatibility -int savetty() save terminal I/O modes -int scanw(fmt,args) get values via stdscr -void scroll(win) scroll scrolling region of a window -void scrollok(win,bf) marks a window to allow scroll -void setcolors(A_COLOR(for,back)) sets the forground and background - colors of stdscr -void set_curs(visibility) 0 for invisible, 1 for visible, 2 for good - visible -int setsrcreg(miny,maxy) define stdscr's scroll region -int setterm() dummy for compatibility -int setupterm(term,fd,errret) set up terminal -void standend() start normal chars in stdscr -void standout() start standout chars in stdscr -WINDOW *subwin(win,lines,cols,begy,begx) - create a sub-window in window win -int tabsize(ts) set/get tabsize of stdscr -void touchwin(win) mark a window as totally modified -char *unctrl(ch) char-to-string converter -int wmove(win,y,x) move cursor in a window -void wnoutrefresh(win) create internal screen image -int wprintw(win,fmt,args) print string in a window -void wrefresh(win) refresh window -int wscanw(win,fmt,args) get values via a window -void wsetcolors(win,A_COLOR(for,back)) sets the forground and - background colors of the specified window -int wsetsrcreg(win,miny,maxy) define a window's scrolling region -void wstandend(win) start normal chars in window -void wstandout(win) start standout chars in window -int wtabsize(win,ts) set/get tabsize of a window -.SH BUGS -Function keys are not available under the MINIX version. -.\" $PchId: curses.3,v 1.3 1996/02/22 21:26:28 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/directory.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/directory.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,89 +1,0 @@ -.TH DIRECTORY 3 -.SH NAME -directory, opendir, readdir, rewinddir, closedir, telldir, seekdir \- directory routines -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include - -DIR *opendir(const char *\fIdirname\fP) -struct dirent *readdir(DIR *\fIdirp\fP) -void rewinddir(DIR *\fIdirp\fP) -int closedir(DIR *\fIdirp\fP) - -#define _MINIX 1 -#include -#include - -long telldir(DIR *\fIdirp\fP) -int seekdir(DIR *\fIdirp\fP, long \fIpos\fP) -.SH DESCRIPTION -These routines form a system independent interface to access directories. -.PP -.B Opendir() -opens the directory -.I dirname -and returns a pointer to this open directory stream. -.PP -.B Readdir() -reads one entry from the directory as a pointer to a structure containing -the field -.BR d_name , -a character array containing the null-terminated name of the entry. -.PP -.B Rewinddir() -allows the directory to be read again from the beginning. -.PP -.B Closedir() -closes the directory and releases administrative data. -.PP -The MINIX 3 specific functions -.B telldir() -and -.B seekdir() -allow one to get the current position in the directory file and to return -there later. -.B Seekdir() -may only be called with a position returned by -.B telldir() -or 0 (rewind). These functions should not be used in portable programs. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR dir (5). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Opendir() -returns a null pointer if -.I dirname -can't be opened, or if it can't allocate enough memory for the -.B DIR -structure. -.PP -.B Readdir() -returns null if there are no more directory entries or on error. -.PP -.B Closedir() -and -.B seekdir() -returns 0 on success, -1 on error. -.PP -.B Telldir() -returns -1 on error. -.PP -All of them set -.B errno -appropriately. -.B Readdir() -will only set -.B errno -on error, not on end-of-dir, so you should set -.B errno -to zero beforehand, and check its value if -.B readdir() -returns null. -.SH NOTES -The return value of -.B readdir() -needs to be copied before the next operation on the same directory if it is -to be saved. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/editline.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/editline.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,169 +1,0 @@ -.\" $Revision: 1.1 $ -.TH EDITLINE 3 -.SH NAME -editline \- command-line editing library with history -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -char *readline(char *\fIprompt\fP) -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -.I Editline -is a library that provides an line-editing interface with text recall. -It is intended to be compatible with the -.I readline -library provided by the Free Software Foundation, but much smaller. -The bulk of this manual page describes the user interface. -.PP -The -.I readline -routine returns a line of text with the trailing newline removed. -The data is returned in a buffer allocated with -.IR malloc (3), -so the space should be released with -.IR free (3) -when the calling program is done with it. -Before accepting input from the user, the specified -.I prompt -is displayed on the terminal. -.PP -Each line returned is copied to the internal history list, unless it happens -to be equal to the previous line. -.SS "User Interface" -A program that uses this library provides a simple emacs-like editing -interface to its users. -A line may be edited before it is sent to the calling program by typing either -control characters or escape sequences. -A control character, shown as a caret followed by a letter, is typed by -holding down the ``control'' key while the letter is typed. -For example, ``^A'' is a control-A. -An escape sequence is entered by typing the ``escape'' key followed by one or -more characters. -The escape key is abbreviated as ``ESC.'' -Note that unlike control keys, case matters in escape sequences; ``ESC\ F'' -is not the same as ``ESC\ f''. -.PP -An editing command may be typed anywhere on the line, not just at the -beginning. -In addition, a return may also be typed anywhere on the line, not just at -the end. -.PP -Most editing commands may be given a repeat count, -.IR n , -where -.I n -is a number. -To enter a repeat count, type the escape key, the number, and then -the command to execute. -For example, ``ESC\ 4\ ^f'' moves forward four characters. -If a command may be given a repeat count then the text ``[n]'' is given at the -end of its description. -.PP -The following control characters are accepted: -.RS -.nf -.ta \w'ESC DEL 'u -^A Move to the beginning of the line -^B Move left (backwards) [n] -^D Delete character [n] -^E Move to end of line -^F Move right (forwards) [n] -^G Ring the bell -^H Delete character before cursor (backspace key) [n] -^I Complete filename (tab key); see below -^J Done with line (return key) -^K Kill to end of line (or column [n]) -^L Redisplay line -^M Done with line (alternate return key) -^N Get next line from history [n] -^P Get previous line from history [n] -^R Search backward (forward if [n]) through history for text; -\& must start line if text begins with an uparrow -^T Transpose characters -^V Insert next character, even if it is an edit command -^W Wipe to the mark -^X^X Exchange current location and mark -^Y Yank back last killed text -^[ Start an escape sequence (escape key) -^]c Move forward to next character ``c'' -^? Delete character before cursor (delete key) [n] -.fi -.RE -.PP -The following escape sequences are provided. -.RS -.nf -.ta \w'ESC DEL 'u -ESC\ ^H Delete previous word (backspace key) [n] -ESC\ DEL Delete previous word (delete key) [n] -ESC\ SP Set the mark (space key); see ^X^X and ^Y above -ESC\ \. Get the last (or [n]'th) word from previous line -ESC\ \? Show possible completions; see below -ESC\ < Move to start of history -ESC\ > Move to end of history -ESC\ b Move backward a word [n] -ESC\ d Delete word under cursor [n] -ESC\ f Move forward a word [n] -ESC\ l Make word lowercase [n] -ESC\ m Toggle if 8bit chars display normally or with ``M\-'' prefix -ESC\ u Make word uppercase [n] -ESC\ y Yank back last killed text -ESC\ v Show library version -ESC\ w Make area up to mark yankable -ESC\ nn Set repeat count to the number nn -ESC\ C Read from environment variable ``_C_'', where C is -\& an uppercase letter -.fi -.RE -.PP -The -.I editline -library has a small macro facility. -If you type the escape key followed by an uppercase letter, -.IR C , -then the contents of the environment variable -.I _C_ -are read in as if you had typed them at the keyboard. -For example, if the variable -.I _L_ -contains the following: -.RS -^A^Kecho '^V^[[H^V^[[2J'^M -.RE -Then typing ``ESC L'' will move to the beginning of the line, kill the -entire line, enter the echo command needed to clear the terminal (if your -terminal is like a VT-100), and send the line back to the shell. -.PP -The -.I editline -library also does filename completion. -Suppose the root directory has the following files in it: -.RS -.nf -.ta \w'core 'u -bin vmunix -core vmunix.old -.fi -.RE -If you type ``rm\ /v'' and then the tab key. -.I Editline -will then finish off as much of the name as possible by adding ``munix''. -Because the name is not unique, it will then beep. -If you type the escape key and a question mark, it will display the -two choices. -If you then type a period and a tab, the library will finish off the filename -for you: -.RS -.nf -.RI "rm /v[TAB]" munix .TAB old -.fi -.RE -The tab key is shown by ``[TAB]'' and the automatically-entered text -is shown in italics. -.SH "BUGS AND LIMITATIONS" -Doesn't know how to handle multiple lines. -.SH AUTHORS -Simmule R. Turner -and Rich $alz . -Original manual page by DaviD W. Sanderson . - -.\" $PchId: editline.3,v 1.3 1996/02/22 21:18:51 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/end.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/end.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,42 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)end.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH END 3 "May 12, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -end, etext, edata \- last locations in program -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -extern int etext; -extern int edata; -extern int end, _end; -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These names refer neither to routines nor to locations with interesting -contents. The address of -.B etext -is the first address above the program text, -.B edata -above the initialized data region, and -.B end -above the uninitialized data region. -.B _end -is the same as -.BR end , -but in the implementers name space, i.e. for use in libraries. -.PP -When execution begins, the program break coincides with -.BR end , -but it is reset by the routines -.BR brk (2), -.BR malloc (3), -standard input/output -.RB ( stdio (3)), -etc. -The current value of the program break is reliably returned by `sbrk(0)', -see -.BR brk (2). -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR brk (2), -.BR malloc (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/execl.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/execl.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,196 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)execl.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 4/25/86 -.\" -.TH EXECL 3 "April 25, 1986" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -execl, execv, execle, execlp, execvp, exec, environ \- execute a file -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -#include - -.in +.5i -.ti -.5i -int execl(const char *\fIname\fP, const char *\fIarg0\fP, ..., (char *) NULL) -.ti -.5i -int execv(const char *\fIname\fP, char *const \fIargv\fP[]) -.ti -.5i -int execle(const char *\fIname\fP, const char *\fIarg0\fP, ..., (char *) NULL, char *const \fIenvp\fP[]) -.ti -.5i -int execlp(const char *\fIname\fP, const char *\fIarg0\fP, ..., (char *) NULL) -.ti -.5i -int execvp(const char *\fIname\fP, char *const \fIargv\fP[]) -.in -.5i - -extern char *const *environ; -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These routines provide various interfaces to the -.B execve -system call. Refer to -.BR execve (2) -for a description of their properties; only -brief descriptions are provided here. -.PP -.B Exec -in all its forms -overlays the calling process with the named file, then -transfers to the -entry point of the core image of the file. -There can be no return from a successful exec; the calling -core image is lost. -.PP -The -.I name -argument -is a pointer to the name of the file -to be executed. -The pointers -.IR arg [ 0 ], -.IR arg [ 1 "] ..." -address null-terminated strings. -Conventionally -.IR arg [ 0 ] -is the name of the -file. -.PP -Two interfaces are available. -.B execl -is useful when a known file with known arguments is -being called; -the arguments to -.B execl -are the character strings -constituting the file and the arguments; -the first argument is conventionally -the same as the file name (or its last component). -A null pointer argument must end the argument list. -(Note that the -.B execl* -functions are variable argument functions. This means that the type -of the arguments beyond -.I arg0 -is not checked. So the null pointer requires an explicit cast to type -.B "(char *)" -if not of that type already.) -.PP -The -.B execv -version is useful when the number of arguments is unknown -in advance; -the arguments to -.B execv -are the name of the file to be -executed and a vector of strings containing -the arguments. -The last argument string must be followed -by a null pointer. -.PP -When a C program is executed, -it is called as follows: -.PP -.RS -.ft B -.nf -int main(int \fIargc\fP, char *const \fIargv\fP[], char *const \fIenvp\fP[]); - -exit(main(\fIargc\fP, \fIargv\fP, \fIenvp\fP)); -.fi -.ft R -.RE -.PP -where -.I argc -is the argument count -and -.I argv -is an array of character pointers -to the arguments themselves. -As indicated, -.I argc -is conventionally at least one -and the first member of the array points to a -string containing the name of the file. -.PP -.I Argv -is directly usable in another -.B execv -because -.IR argv [ argc ] -is 0. -.PP -.I Envp -is a pointer to an array of strings that constitute -the -.I environment -of the process. -Each string consists of a name, an \*(lq=\*(rq, and a null-terminated value. -The array of pointers is terminated by a null pointer. -The shell -.BR sh (1) -passes an environment entry for each global shell variable -defined when the program is called. -See -.BR environ (7) -for some conventionally -used names. -The C run-time start-off routine places a copy of -.I envp -in the global cell -.BR environ , -which is used -by -.B execv -and -.B execl -to pass the environment to any subprograms executed by the -current program. -.PP -.B Execlp -and -.B execvp -are called with the same arguments as -.B execl -and -.BR execv , -but duplicate the shell's actions in searching for an executable -file in a list of directories. -The directory list is obtained from the environment variable -.BR PATH . -Under standard MINIX 3, if a file is found that is executable, but does -not have the proper executable header then it is assumed to be -a shell script. -.B Execlp -and -.B execvp -execute -.B /bin/sh -to interpret the script. -Under Minix-vmd this does not happen, a script must begin with -.B #! -and the full path name of the interpreter if it is to be an -executable script. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR execve (2), -.BR fork (2), -.BR environ (7), -.BR sh (1). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -If the file cannot be found, -if it is not executable, -if it does not start with a valid magic number (see -.BR a.out (5)), -if maximum memory is exceeded, -or if the arguments require too much space, -a return -constitutes the diagnostic; -the return value is \-1 and -.B errno -is set as for -.BR execve . -Even for the super-user, -at least one of the execute-permission bits must be set for -a file to be executed. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/exit.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/exit.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,39 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)exit.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH EXIT 3 "May 12, 1986" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -exit, atexit \- terminate a process after flushing any pending output -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -void exit(int \fIstatus\fP) -int atexit(void (*\fIfunc\fP)(void)) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Exit -first calls all functions registered by -.BR atexit , -flushes all data buffered by the Standard I/O library, and finally -terminates the process. -.B Exit -never returns. -.PP -.B Atexit -registers the function -.I func -into a table of functions to be called on exit. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR exit (2). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Atexit -returns 0 on success, \-1 if -.B malloc -cannot allocate more memory for the list of registered functions. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/fclose.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/fclose.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,45 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)fclose.3s 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH FCLOSE 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -fclose, fflush \- close or flush a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int fclose(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int fflush(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Fclose -causes any buffers for the named -.I stream -to be emptied, and the file to be closed. -Buffers allocated by the standard input/output system -are freed. -.PP -.B Fclose -is performed automatically upon -calling -.BR exit (3). -.PP -.B Fflush -causes any buffered data for the named output -.I stream -to be written to that file. -The stream remains open. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR close (2), -.BR fopen (3), -.BR setbuf (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -These routines return -.SM -.B EOF -if -.I stream -is not associated with an output file, or -if buffered data cannot be transferred to that file. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/ferror.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/ferror.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,58 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)ferror.3s 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/14/86 -.\" -.TH FERROR 3 "May 14, 1986" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -ferror, feof, clearerr, fileno \- stream status inquiries -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int feof(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int ferror(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int clearerr(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int fileno(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Feof -returns non-zero when end of file is read on the named input -.IR stream , -otherwise zero. -Unless cleared by -.BR clearerr , -the end-of-file indication lasts until -the stream is closed. -.PP -.B Ferror -returns non-zero when an error has occurred reading or writing -the named -.IR stream , -otherwise zero. -Unless cleared by -.BR clearerr , -the error indication lasts until -the stream is closed. -.PP -.B Clearerr -resets the error and end-of-file indicators on the named -.IR stream . -.PP -.B Fileno -returns the integer file descriptor -associated with the -.IR stream , -see -.BR open (2). -.PP -Currently all of these functions -are implemented as macros; -they cannot be redeclared. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR fopen (3), -.BR open (2). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/fopen.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/fopen.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,99 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)fopen.3s 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/27/86 -.\" -.TH FOPEN 3 "May 27, 1986" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -fopen, freopen, fdopen \- open a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -FILE *fopen(const char *\fIfilename\fP, const char *\fItype\fP) -FILE *freopen(const char *\fIfilename\fP, const char *\fItype\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -FILE *fdopen(int \fIfildes\fP, const char *\fItype\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Fopen -opens the file named by -.I filename -and associates a stream with it. -.B Fopen -returns a pointer to be used to identify the stream in subsequent operations. -.PP -.I Type -is a character string having one of the following values: -.TP 5 -"r" -open for reading -.ns -.TP 5 -"w" -create for writing -.ns -.TP 5 -"a" -append: open for writing at end of file, or create for writing -.PP -In addition, each -.I type -may be followed by a "+" to have the file opened for reading and writing. -"r+" positions the stream at the beginning of the file, "w+" creates -or truncates it, and "a+" positions it at the end. Both reads and writes -may be used on read/write streams, with the limitation that an -.BR fseek , -.BR rewind , -or reading an end-of-file must be used between a read and a write or vice-versa. -.PP -.B Freopen -substitutes the named file in place of the open -.IR stream . -It returns the original value of -.IR stream . -The original stream is closed. -.PP -.B Freopen -is typically used to attach the preopened constant names, -.B stdin, stdout, stderr, -to specified files. -.PP -.B Fdopen -associates a stream with a file descriptor obtained from -.BR open , -.BR dup , -.BR creat , -or -.BR pipe (2). -The -.I type -of the stream must agree with the mode of the open file. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR open (2), -.BR fclose (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Fopen -and -.B freopen -return the pointer -.SM -.B NULL -if -.I filename -cannot be accessed, -if too many files are already open, -or if other resources needed cannot be allocated. -.SH BUGS -.B Fdopen -is not portable to systems other than UNIX. -.PP -The read/write -.I types -do not exist on all systems. Those systems without -read/write modes will probably treat the -.I type -as if the "+" was not present. These are unreliable in any event. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/fread.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/fread.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,66 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)fread.3s 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH FREAD 3 "May 15, 1985" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -fread, fwrite \- buffered binary input/output -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include - -size_t fread(void *\fIptr\fP, size_t \fIitemsize\fP, size_t \fInitems\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -size_t fwrite(void *\fIptr\fP, size_t \fIitemsize\fP, size_t \fInitems\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Fread -reads, into a block beginning at -.IR ptr , -.I nitems -of data of the type of -.I *ptr -from the named input -.IR stream . -It returns the number of items actually read. -.PP -If -.I stream -is -.B stdin -and the standard output is line buffered, then any partial output line -will be flushed before any call to -.BR read (2) -to satisfy the -.BR fread . -.PP -.B Fwrite -appends at most -.I nitems -of data of the type of -.I *ptr -beginning at -.I ptr -to the named output -.IR stream . -It returns the number of items actually written. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR read (2), -.BR write (2), -.BR fopen (3), -.BR getc (3), -.BR putc (3), -.BR gets (3), -.BR puts (3), -.BR printf (3), -.BR scanf (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Fread -and -.B fwrite -return -0 -upon end of file or error. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/fseek.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/fseek.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,53 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)fseek.3s 6.3 (Berkeley) 2/24/86 -.\" -.TH FSEEK 3 "February 24, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -fseek, ftell, rewind \- reposition a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int fseek(FILE *\fIstream\fP, long \fIoffset\fP, int \fIptrname\fP) -long ftell(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -void rewind(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Fseek -sets the position of the next input or output -operation on the -.IR stream . -The new position is at the signed distance -.I offset -bytes -from the beginning, the current position, or the end of the file, -according as -.I ptrname -has the value 0, 1, or 2. -.PP -.B Fseek -undoes any effects of -.BR ungetc (3). -.PP -.B Ftell -returns the current value of the offset relative to the beginning -of the file associated with the named -.IR stream . -It is measured in bytes on UNIX; -on some other systems it is a magic cookie, -and the only foolproof way to obtain an -.I offset -for -.BR fseek . -.PP -.BR Rewind "(\fIstream\fR)" -is equivalent to -.BR fseek "(\fIstream\fR, 0L, 0)." -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR lseek (2), -.BR fopen (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Fseek -returns \-1 for improper seeks, otherwise zero. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/g_h_b_n.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/g_h_b_n.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,165 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1987 The Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided -.\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and -.\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following -.\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the -.\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the -.\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in -.\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software. -.\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may -.\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without -.\" specific prior written permission. -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED -.\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF -.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. -.\" -.\" @(#)gethostbyname.3 6.12 (Berkeley) 6/23/90 -.\" -.TH GETHOSTBYNAME 3 "June 23, 1990" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -g_h_b_n, gethostbyname, gethostbyaddr, gethostent, sethostent, endhostent, herror \- get network host entry -.SH SYNOPSIS -.B "#include -.PP -.B "extern int h_errno; -.PP -.B "struct hostent *gethostbyname(name) -.br -.B "char *name; -.PP -.B "struct hostent *gethostbyaddr(addr, len, type) -.br -.B "char *addr; int len, type; -.PP -.B "struct hostent *gethostent() -.PP -.B "sethostent(stayopen) -.br -.B "int stayopen; -.PP -.B "endhostent() -.PP -.B "herror(string) -.br -.B "char *string; -.PP -.SH DESCRIPTION -.I Gethostbyname -and -.I gethostbyaddr -each return a pointer to an object with the -following structure describing an internet host -referenced by name or by address, respectively. -This structure contains the information obtained from the name server. -.PP -.nf -struct hostent { - char *h_name; /* official name of host */ - char **h_aliases; /* alias list */ - int h_addrtype; /* host address type */ - int h_length; /* length of address */ - char **h_addr_list; /* list of addresses from name server */ -}; -#define h_addr h_addr_list[0] /* address, for backward compatibility */ -.ft R -.ad -.fi -.PP -The members of this structure are: -.TP \w'h_addr_list'u+2n -h_name -Official name of the host. -.TP \w'h_addr_list'u+2n -h_aliases -A zero terminated array of alternate names for the host. -.TP \w'h_addr_list'u+2n -h_addrtype -The type of address being returned; currently always AF_INET. -.TP \w'h_addr_list'u+2n -h_length -The length, in bytes, of the address. -.TP \w'h_addr_list'u+2n -h_addr_list -A zero terminated array of network addresses for the host. -Host addresses are returned in network byte order. -.TP \w'h_addr_list'u+2n -h_addr -The first address in h_addr_list; this is for backward compatiblity. -.PP -When using the nameserver, -.I gethostbyname -will search for the named host in the current domain and its parents -unless the name ends in a dot. -If the name contains no dot, and if the environment variable ``HOSTALAIASES'' -contains the name of an alias file, the alias file will first be searched -for an alias matching the input name. -See -.IR hostname (7) -for the domain search procedure and the alias file format. -.PP -.I Sethostent -may be used to request the use of a connected TCP socket for queries. -If the -.I stayopen -flag is non-zero, -this sets the option to send all queries to the name server using TCP -and to retain the connection after each call to -.I gethostbyname -or -.IR gethostbyaddr . -Otherwise, queries are performed using UDP datagrams. -.PP -.I Endhostent -closes the TCP connection. -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.PP -Error return status from -.I gethostbyname -and -.I gethostbyaddr -is indicated by return of a null pointer. -The external integer -.IR h_errno -may then be checked to see whether this is a temporary failure -or an invalid or unknown host. -The routine -.I herror -can be used to print an error message describing the failure. -If its argument -.I string -is non-NULL, it is printed, followed by a colon and a space. -The error message is printed with a trailing newline. -.PP -.IR h_errno -can have the following values: -.RS -.IP HOST_NOT_FOUND \w'HOST_NOT_FOUND'u+2n -No such host is known. -.IP TRY_AGAIN \w'HOST_NOT_FOUND'u+2n -This is usually a temporary error -and means that the local server did not receive -a response from an authoritative server. -A retry at some later time may succeed. -.IP NO_RECOVERY \w'HOST_NOT_FOUND'u+2n -Some unexpected server failure was encountered. -This is a non-recoverable error. -.IP NO_DATA \w'HOST_NOT_FOUND'u+2n -The requested name is valid but does not have an IP address; -this is not a temporary error. -This means that the name is known to the name server but there is no address -associated with this name. -Another type of request to the name server using this domain name -will result in an answer; -for example, a mail-forwarder may be registered for this domain. -.RE -.SH "SEE ALSO" -resolver(3), hostname(7), nonamed(8), named(8) -.SH BUGS -All information -is contained in a static area -so it must be copied if it is -to be saved. Only the Internet -address format is currently understood. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getc.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getc.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,79 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)getc.3s 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/14/86 -.\" -.TH GETC 3 "May 14, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -getc, getchar, fgetc, getw \- get character or word from stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int getc(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int getchar(void) -int fgetc(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int getw(FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Getc -returns the next character from the named input -.IR stream . -.PP -.BR Getchar () -is identical to -.BR getc ( stdin ). -.PP -.B Fgetc -behaves like -.BR getc , -but is a genuine function, not a macro; -it may be used to save object text. -.PP -.B Getw -returns the next -.B int -from the named input -.IR stream . -It returns the constant -.SM -.B EOF -upon end of file or error, but since that is a good -integer value, -.B feof -and -.BR ferror (3) -should be used to check the success of -.BR getw . -.B Getw -assumes no special alignment in the file. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR clearerr (3), -.BR fopen (3), -.BR putc (3), -.BR gets (3), -.BR scanf (3), -.BR fread (3), -.BR ungetc (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -These functions return the integer constant -.SM -.B EOF -at end of file, upon read error, -or if an attempt is made to read a file not opened by -.BR fopen . -The end-of-file condition is remembered, -even on a terminal, -and all subsequent attempts to read will return -.B EOF -until the condition is cleared with -.BR clearerr (3). -.SH BUGS -Because it is implemented as a macro, -.B getc -treats a -.I stream -argument with side effects incorrectly. -In particular, -`getc(*f++);' -doesn't work sensibly. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getcwd.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getcwd.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,36 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)getwd.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH GETCWD 3 "May 12, 1986" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -getcwd \- get current working directory pathname -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -char *getcwd(char *\fIpathname\fP, size_t \fIlen\fP) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Getcwd -copies the absolute pathname of the current working directory to -.I pathname -and returns a pointer to the result. -.I Pathname -is a character array of length -.IR len . -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Getcwd -returns a null pointer and sets -.B errno -if an error occurs. The error will reflect the system call errors that -may occur if the path to the current directory is searched upwards to -the root directory. The error -.B ERANGE -is returned if the result does not fit within -.I len -bytes. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getenv.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getenv.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,29 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)getenv.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH GETENV 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -getenv \- value for environment name -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -char *getenv(const char *\fIname\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Getenv -searches the environment list -(see -.BR environ (7)) -for a string of the form -.IB name = value -and returns a pointer to the string -.I value -if such a string is present, otherwise -.B getenv -returns the null pointer. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR environ (7), -.BR execve (2). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getgrent.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getgrent.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,136 +1,0 @@ -.TH GETGRENT 3 -.SH NAME -getgrent, getgrnam, getgrgid, setgrent, endgrent, setgrfile \- group file routines -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#include - -struct group *getgrent(void) -struct group *getgrnam(const char *\fIname\fP) -struct group *getgrgid(gid_t \fIgid\fP) -int setgrent(void) -void endgrent(void) -void setgrfile(const char *\fIfile\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -These functions are used to obtain information from the group file. They -return this information in a -.B struct group -as defined by : -.PP -.nf -.ta +4n +6n +15n -struct group { - char *gr_name; /* login name */ - char *gr_passwd; /* encrypted password */ - gid_t gr_gid; /* numeric group id */ - char **gr_mem; /* null-terminated list of group members */ -}; -.fi -.PP -.B Getgrent() -reads the group file entry by entry. -.B Getgrnam() -scans the entire group file for the group with the given -.IR name . -.B Getgrgid() -looks for the first group with the given -.IR gid . -The -.B setgrent() -and -.B endgrent() -functions are used to open and later close the group file. With -.B setgrfile() -one can specify the file to read other than the normal group file. This -only sets the name, the next -.B setgrent() -call will open the file. Do not touch the file name while it is active. -Use -.B setgrfile(NULL) -to revert back to the normal group file. -.PP -The usual way to scan the group file is (error checking omitted): -.PP -.RS -.nf -.DT -setgrent(); -while ((gr = getgrent()) != NULL) - if (appropriate_test(gr)) break; -endgrent(); -.fi -.RE -.PP -The -.B gr -variable contains the entry that is wanted if non-NULL. The -.B getgrnam() -and -.B getgrgid() -functions are implemented as in this example, with error checking of course. -.PP -.B Getgrent() -calls -.B setgrent() -if this has not yet been done. -.B Setgrent() -first calls -.B endgrent() -if the group file is still open. (Other implementations may simply -rewind the file.) -.SH FILES -.TP 15 -.B /etc/group -The group file database. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR getgroups (2), -.BR initgroups (3), -.BR getpwent (3), -.BR passwd (5). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Setgrent() -has the same return value and error codes as the -.BR open (2) -call it uses to open the group file. The -.BI get xxx () -functions return NULL on end of file, entry not found, or error. You can -set -.B errno -to zero before the call and check it after. -.SH NOTES -All -.BI get xxx () -routines return a pointer to static storage that is overwritten in each call. -.PP -Only -.B getgrnam() -and -.B getgrgid() -are defined by \s-2POSIX\s+2. The -.B _MINIX_SOURCE -macro must be defined before including to make the other functions -visible. The -.B gr_passwd -field is also not defined by \s-2POSIX\s+2, but is always visible. -Portable code cannot reliably detect errors by setting -.B errno -to zero. Under MINIX 3 it is better to make a -.B getgrent() -scan if you need to look up several group-id's or names, but portable code -had better use several -.B getgrgid() -or -.B getgrnam() -calls. The -.B getgrent() -is usually available on other systems, but may be very expensive. See -.BR initgroups (3) -if you are after supplementary group id's. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) - -.\" -.\" $PchId: getgrent.3,v 1.2 1996/04/11 06:35:01 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getloadavg.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getloadavg.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,36 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)getloadavg.3 -.\" -.TH GETLOADAVG 3 "Nov 14, 2005" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -getloadavg \- system load average values -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int getloadavg(double *\fIaverages\fP, int \fInelem\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Getloadavg -returns the system load average values as elements of -.IR averages -up to -a maximum of -.IR nelem -elements. -The system load average is the average number of -runnable processes over a certain period. Currently the averages are -delivered over the last 1, 5 and 15 minutes of system usage. So -currently the system maximum is 3. -.SH RETURNS -The returned value of -.B getloadavg -is zero or more if the call was successful, or a negative value if the -call was unsuccessful. If the call was successful, the number of -elements entered into -.IR averages -is returned. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR uptime (1). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getlogin.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getlogin.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,45 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)getlogin.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/9/86 -.\" -.TH GETLOGIN 3 "May 9, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -getlogin \- get login name -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -char *getlogin(void) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Getlogin -returns a pointer to the login name as found in -.BR /etc/utmp . -It may be used in conjunction with -.B getpwnam -to locate the correct password file entry when the same user ID -is shared by several login names. -.PP -If -.B getlogin -is called within a process that is not attached to a -terminal, or if there is no entry in -.B /etc/utmp -for the process's terminal, -.B getlogin -returns a null pointer. -A reasonable procedure for determining the login name is to first call -.B getlogin -and if it fails, to call -.BR getpwuid ( getuid ()). -.SH FILES -/etc/utmp -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR getpwent (3), -.BR utmp (5), -.BR ttyslot (3) -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -Returns a null pointer if the name cannot be found. -.SH BUGS -The return values point to static data -whose content is overwritten by each call. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getopt.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getopt.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,150 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1985 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)getopt.3 6.4 (Berkeley) 5/27/86 -.\" -.TH GETOPT 3 "May 27, 1986" -.UC 6 -.SH NAME -getopt \- get option letter from argv -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -int getopt(argc, argv, optstring) -.br -int argc; -.br -char **argv; -.br -char *optstring; -.sp -extern char *optarg; -.br -extern int optind; -.ft -.SH DESCRIPTION -.I Getopt -returns the next option letter in -.I argv -that matches a letter in -.IR optstring . -.I Optstring -is a string of recognized option letters; -if a letter is followed by a colon, the option is expected to have -an argument that may or may not be separated from it by white space. -.I Optarg -is set to point to the start of the option argument on return from -.IR getopt . -.PP -.I Getopt -places in -.I optind -the -.I argv -index of the next argument to be processed. -Because -.I optind -is external, it is normally initialized to zero automatically -before the first call to -.IR getopt . -.PP -When all options have been processed (i.e., up to the first -non-option argument), -.I getopt -returns -.BR EOF . -The special option -.B \-\- -may be used to delimit the end of the options; -.B EOF -will be returned, and -.B \-\- -will be skipped. -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.I Getopt -prints an error message on -.I stderr -and returns a question mark -.RB ( ? ) -when it encounters an option letter not included in -.IR optstring . -.SH EXAMPLE -The following code fragment shows how one might process the arguments -for a command that can take the mutually exclusive options -.B a -and -.BR b , -and the options -.B f -and -.BR o , -both of which require arguments: -.PP -.RS -.nf -main(argc, argv) -int argc; -char **argv; -{ - int c; - extern int optind; - extern char *optarg; - \&. - \&. - \&. - while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "abf:o:")) != EOF) - switch (c) { - case `a': - if (bflg) - errflg++; - else - aflg++; - break; - case `b': - if (aflg) - errflg++; - else - bproc(); - break; - case `f': - ifile = optarg; - break; - case `o': - ofile = optarg; - break; - case `?': - default: - errflg++; - break; - } - if (errflg) { - fprintf(stderr, "Usage: ..."); - exit(2); - } - for (; optind < argc; optind++) { - \&. - \&. - \&. - } - \&. - \&. - \&. -} -.RE -.SH HISTORY -Written by Henry Spencer, working from a Bell Labs manual page. -Modified by Keith Bostic to behave more like the System V version. -.SH BUGS -It is not obvious how -`\-' -standing alone should be treated; this version treats it as -a non-option argument, which is not always right. -.PP -Option arguments are allowed to begin with `\-'; -this is reasonable but reduces the amount of error checking possible. -.PP -.I Getopt -is quite flexible but the obvious price must be paid: there is much -it could do that it doesn't, like -checking mutually exclusive options, checking type of -option arguments, etc. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getpass.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getpass.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,28 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)getpass.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH GETPASS 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -getpass \- read a password -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -char *getpass(const char *\fIprompt\fP) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Getpass -reads a password from the file -.BR /dev/tty , -or if that cannot be opened, from the standard input, -after prompting with the null-terminated string -.I prompt -and disabling echoing. -A pointer is returned to a null-terminated string -of at most 32 characters, excluding the null. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR crypt (3). -.SH BUGS -The return value points to static data -whose content is overwritten by each call. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getpwent.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getpwent.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,139 +1,0 @@ -.TH GETPWENT 3 -.SH NAME -getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, setpwent, endpwent, setpwfile \- password file routines -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#include - -struct passwd *getpwent(void) -struct passwd *getpwnam(const char *\fIname\fP) -struct passwd *getpwuid(uid_t \fIuid\fP) -int setpwent(void) -void endpwent(void) -void setpwfile(const char *\fIfile\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -These functions are used to obtain information from the password file. They -return this information in a -.B struct passwd -as defined by : -.PP -.nf -.ta +4n +6n +15n -struct passwd { - char *pw_name; /* login name */ - char *pw_passwd; /* encrypted password */ - uid_t pw_uid; /* numeric user id */ - gid_t pw_gid; /* numeric group id */ - char *pw_gecos; /* user full name and other info */ - char *pw_dir; /* user's home directory */ - char *pw_shell; /* name of the user's shell */ -}; -.fi -.PP -.B Getpwent() -reads the password file entry by entry. -.B Getpwnam() -scans the entire password file for the user with the given -.IR name . -.B Getpwuid() -looks for the first user with the given -.IR uid . -The -.B setpwent() -and -.B endpwent() -functions are used to open and later close the password file. With -.B setpwfile() -one can specify the file to read other than the normal password file. This -only sets the name, the next -.B setpwent() -call will open the file. Do not touch the file name while it is active. -Use -.B setpwfile(NULL) -to revert back to the normal password file. -.PP -The usual way to scan the password file is (error checking omitted): -.PP -.RS -.nf -.DT -setpwent(); -while ((pw = getpwent()) != NULL) - if (appropriate_test(pw)) break; -endpwent(); -.fi -.RE -.PP -The -.B pw -variable contains the entry that is wanted if non-NULL. The -.B getpwnam() -and -.B getpwuid() -functions are implemented as in this example, with error checking of course. -.PP -.B Getpwent() -calls -.B setpwent() -if this has not yet been done. -.B Setpwent() -first calls -.B endpwent() -if the password file is still open. (Other implementations may simply -rewind the file.) -.SH FILES -.TP 15 -.B /etc/passwd -The password file database. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR cuserid (3), -.BR getlogin (3), -.BR getgrent (3), -.BR passwd (5). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Setpwent() -has the same return value and error codes as the -.BR open (2) -call it uses to open the password file. The -.BI get xxx () -functions return NULL on end of file, entry not found, or error. You can -set -.B errno -to zero before the call and check it after. -.SH NOTES -All -.BI get xxx () -routines return a pointer to static storage that is overwritten in each call. -.PP -Only -.B getpwnam() -and -.B getpwuid() -are defined by \s-2POSIX\s+2. The -.B _MINIX_SOURCE -macro must be defined before including to make the other functions -visible. The -.B pw_passwd -and -.B pw_gecos -fields are also not defined by \s-2POSIX\s+2, but are always visible. -Portable code cannot reliably detect errors by setting -.B errno -to zero. Under MINIX 3 it is better to make a -.B getpwent() -scan if you need to look up several user-id's or names, but portable code -had better use several -.B getpwuid() -or -.B getpwnam() -calls. The -.B getpwent() -is usually available on other systems, but may be very expensive. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) - -.\" -.\" $PchId: getpwent.3,v 1.2 1996/04/11 06:37:43 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/gets.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/gets.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,68 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)gets.3s 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH GETS 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -gets, fgets \- get a string from a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -char *gets(char *\fIs\fP) -char *fgets(char *\fIs\fP, int \fIn\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Gets -reads a string into -.I s -from the standard input stream -.BR stdin . -The string is terminated by a newline -character, which is replaced in -.I s -by a null character. -.B Gets -returns its argument. -.PP -.B Fgets -reads -.IR n \-1 -characters, or up through a newline -character, whichever comes first, -from the -.I stream -into the string -.IR s . -The last character read into -.I s -is followed by a null character. -.B Fgets -returns its first argument. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR puts (3), -.BR getc (3), -.BR scanf (3), -.BR fread (3), -.BR ferror (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Gets -and -.B fgets -return the constant pointer -.SM -.B NULL -upon end of file or error. -.SH BUGS -.B Gets -deletes a newline, -.B fgets -keeps it, -all in the name of backward compatibility. -.PP -.B Gets -is not present in the Minix-vmd C library for reasons that should be obvious. -Use -.B fgets -instead. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getservent.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getservent.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,112 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)getservent.3n 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/19/86 -.\" -.TH GETSERVENT 3 "May 19, 1986" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -getservent, getservbyport, getservbyname, setservent, endservent \- get service entry -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -.PP -.ft B -struct servent *getservent() -.PP -.ft B -struct servent *getservbyname(name, proto) -char *name, *proto; -.PP -.ft B -struct servent *getservbyport(port, proto) -int port; char *proto; -.PP -.ft B -setservent(stayopen) -int stayopen -.PP -.ft B -endservent() -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.IR Getservent , -.IR getservbyname , -and -.I getservbyport -each return a pointer to an object with the -following structure -containing the broken-out -fields of a line in the network services data base, -.IR /etc/services . -.RS -.PP -.nf -struct servent { - char *s_name; /* official name of service */ - char **s_aliases; /* alias list */ - int s_port; /* port service resides at */ - char *s_proto; /* protocol to use */ -}; -.ft R -.ad -.fi -.RE -.PP -The members of this structure are: -.TP \w's_aliases'u+2n -s_name -The official name of the service. -.TP \w's_aliases'u+2n -s_aliases -A zero terminated list of alternate names for the service. -.TP \w's_aliases'u+2n -s_port -The port number at which the service resides. -Port numbers are returned in network byte order. -.TP \w's_aliases'u+2n -s_proto -The name of the protocol to use when contacting the -service. -.PP -.I Getservent -reads the next line of the file, opening the file if necessary. -.PP -.I Setservent -opens and rewinds the file. If the -.I stayopen -flag is non-zero, -the net data base will not be closed after each call to -.I getservbyname -or -.IR getservbyport . -.PP -.I Endservent -closes the file. -.PP -.I Getservbyname -and -.I getservbyport -sequentially search from the beginning -of the file until a matching -protocol name or -port number is found, -or until EOF is encountered. -If a protocol name is also supplied (non-NULL), -searches must also match the protocol. -.SH FILES -/etc/services -.SH "SEE ALSO" -getprotoent(3), services(5) -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -Null pointer -(0) returned on EOF or error. -.SH BUGS -All information -is contained in a static area -so it must be copied if it is -to be saved. Expecting port -numbers to fit in a 32 bit -quantity is probably naive. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/getttyent.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/getttyent.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,107 +1,0 @@ -.TH GETTTYENT 3 -.SH NAME -getttyent, getttynam, setttyent, endttyent \- interface to /etc/ttytab -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#include - -struct ttyent *getttyent(void) -struct ttyent *getttynam(const char *\fIname\fP) -int setttyent(void) -void endttyent(void) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -The -.B getttyent -functions provide an interface to the /etc/ttytab. (See -.BR ttytab (5)). -.PP -To read one of these files one calls -.B getttyent() -several times to read the entries in the table until NULL is returned for -end-of-file. -.PP -.B Getttyname() -searches the -.B ttytab -file for the given terminal device. It is equivalent to a call to -.BR setttyent(), -several calls to -.B getttyent() -to locate the entry, and a final -.B endttyent() -to close the file. -.PP -.B Setttyent() -opens or rewinds the ttytab database, and -.B endttyent() closes it. -.B Getttyent() -opens the database if not already open, but does not close it. -.PP -The struct ttyent is defined by as follows: -.sp -.nf -.ta +4n +6n +15n -struct ttyent { - char *ty_name; /* Name of the terminal device. */ - char *ty_type; /* Terminal type name (termcap(3)). */ - char **ty_getty; /* Program to run, normally getty. */ - char **ty_init; /* Initialization command, normally stty. */ -}; -.fi -.PP -A valid entry has at least two strings, so both -.B ty_name -and -.B ty_type -are filled in. The optional -.B ty_getty -and -.B ty_init -may be NULL (field omitted), point to a pointer that is NULL (null lenght -field, i.e. ""), or an array of strings terminated by a NULL (field -present). For now no useful distinction can be made between a omitted field -and an empty field, so treat both cases as an omission. -.SH FILES -.TP 15 -.B /etc/ttytab -The terminal device database -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ttyname (3), -.BR ttyslot (3), -.BR ttytab (5), -.BR init (8). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Setttyent() -has the same return value and error codes as the -.BR open (2) -call it uses to open the ttytab file. The -.BI get xxx () -functions return NULL on end of file, entry not found, or error. You can -set -.B errno -to zero before the call and check it after. -.SH NOTES -.B Getttyent() -and -.B getttynam() -return a pointer to static storage that is overwritten in each call. -.PP -The MINIX 3 -.B struct ttyent -has only the -.B ty_name -and -.B ty_type -fields in common with the BSD implementation. This does not seem to be a -problem, because most third party software that need to know about terminals -only look at the -.B ty_name -field. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) - -.\" -.\" $PchId: getttyent.3,v 1.2 1996/04/11 06:57:26 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/hton.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/hton.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,60 +1,0 @@ -.TH HTON 3 -.SH NAME -hton, htons, htonl, ntohs, ntohl \- host to network byte order conversion -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#define _MINIX_SOURCE 1 -#include -#include - -#include - -u16_t htons(u16_t \fIhost_word\fP) -u32_t htonl(u32_t \fIhost_dword\fP) -u16_t ntohs(u16_t \fInetwork_word\fP) -u32_t ntohl(u32_t \fInetwork_dword\fP) -u16_t HTONS(u16_t \fIhost_word\fP) -u32_t HTONL(u32_t \fIhost_dword\fP) -u16_t NTOHS(u16_t \fInetwork_word\fP) -u32_t NTOHL(u32_t \fInetwork_dword\fP) -.fi -.ft R -.SH DESCRIPTION -These macros convert 16-bit and 32-bit quantities to and from the network -byte order used by the TCP/IP protocols. -The function of the macros is encoded in their name. -.B H -means host byte order, -.B n -means network byte order, -.B s -means a 16-bit quantity and -.B l -means a 32-bit quantity. -Thus -.B htons -converts a 16-bit quantity from host byte order to network byte order. -The difference between the lower case and upper case variants is that -the lower case variants evaluate the argument at most once and the -upper case variants can be used for constant folding. -That is, -.PP -.RS -htonl(f(x)) -.RE -.PP -will call f(x) at most once and -.PP -.RS -HTONS(0x10) -.RE -.PP -will be equivalent to 0x10 on a big-endian machine and 0x1000 on a -little-endian machine. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ip (4). -.SH AUTHOR -Philip Homburg (philip@cs.vu.nl) -.\" -.\" $PchId: hton.3,v 1.3 1996/02/22 21:10:01 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/int64.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/int64.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,193 +1,0 @@ -.TH INT64 3 -.SH NAME -int64, add64, add64u, add64ul, sub64, sub64u, sub64ul, diff64, cvu64, cvul64, cv64u, cv64ul, div64u, rem64u, mul64u, cmp64, cmp64u, cmp64ul, ex64lo, ex64hi, make64 \- 64 bit disk offset computations -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#include - -u64_t add64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP) -u64_t add64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP) -u64_t add64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned long \fIj\fP) -u64_t sub64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP) -u64_t sub64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP) -u64_t sub64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned long \fIj\fP) -unsigned diff64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP) -u64_t cvu64(unsigned \fIi\fP) -u64_t cvul64(unsigned long \fIi\fP) -unsigned cv64u(u64_t \fIi\fP) -unsigned long cv64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP) -unsigned long div64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP) -unsigned rem64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP) -u64_t mul64u(unsigned long \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP) -int cmp64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP) -int cmp64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP) -int cmp64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned long \fIj\fP) -unsigned long ex64lo(u64_t \fIi\fP) -unsigned long ex64hi(u64_t \fIi\fP) -u64_t make64(unsigned long \fIlo\fP, unsigned long \fIhi\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -.de SP -.if t .sp 0.4 -.if n .sp -.. -The -.B int64 -family of functions allow MINIX 3 to handle disks of up to 4 terabytes using -32 bit sector numbers and 64 bit byte offsets on a machine where the C type -.B long -is 32 bits. The include file defines a 64 bit data -type, -.BR u64_t , -and a number of functions to operate on them. Note that these functions are -geared towards common disk offset and block computations, and do not provide -a full set of 64 bit operations. They are: -.PP -.TP -.B "u64_t add64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP)" -Add the 64 bit numbers -.I i -and -.I j -forming a 64 bit result. -.TP -.B "u64_t add64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP)" -Add an unsigned -.I j -to a 64 bit number -.I i -forming a 64 bit result. -.TP -.B "u64_t add64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned long \fIj\fP)" -Add an unsigned long -.I j -to a 64 bit number -.I i -forming a 64 bit result. -.TP -.B "u64_t sub64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP)" -Subtract the 64 bit number -.I j -from the 64 bit number -.I i -forming a 64 bit result. -.TP -.B "u64_t sub64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP)" -Subtract the unsigned -.I j -from the 64 bit number -.I i -forming a 64 bit result. -.TP -.B "u64_t sub64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned long \fIj\fP)" -Subtract the unsigned long -.I j -from the 64 bit number -.I i -forming a 64 bit result. -.TP -.B "unsigned diff64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP)" -Subtract the 64 bit number -.I j -from the 64 bit number -.I i -forming an unsigned. Overflow is not checked. -.TP -.B "u64_t cvu64(unsigned \fIi\fP)" -Convert an unsigned to a 64 bit number. -.TP -.B "u64_t cvul64(unsigned long \fIi\fP)" -Convert an unsigned long to a 64 bit number. -.TP -.B "unsigned cv64u(u64_t \fIi\fP)" -Convert a 64 bit number to an unsigned if it fits, otherwise return -.BR UINT_MAX . -.TP -.B "unsigned long cv64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP)" -Convert a 64 bit number to an unsigned long if it fits, otherwise return -.BR ULONG_MAX . -.TP -.B "unsigned long div64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP)" -Divide the 64 bit number -.I i -by the unsigned -.I j -giving an unsigned long. Overflow is not checked. (Typical "byte offset to -block number" conversion.) -.TP -.B "unsigned rem64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP)" -Compute the remainder of the division of the 64 bit number -.I i -by the unsigned -.I j -as an unsigned. (Typical "byte offset within a block" computation.) -.TP -.B "u64_t mul64u(unsigned long \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP)" -Multiply the unsigned long -.I i -by the unsigned -.I j -giving a 64 bit number. (Typical "block number to byte offset" conversion.) -.TP -.B "int cmp64(u64_t \fIi\fP, u64_t \fIj\fP)" -Compare two 64 bit numbers. -Returns -.B -1 -if -.I i -< -.IR j , -.B 0 -if -.I i -== -.IR j , -and -.B 1 -if -.I i -> -.IR j . -.TP -.B "int cmp64u(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned \fIj\fP)" -Likewise compare a 64 bit number with an unsigned. -.TP -.B "int cmp64ul(u64_t \fIi\fP, unsigned long \fIj\fP)" -Likewise compare a 64 bit number with an unsigned long. -.TP -.B "unsigned long ex64lo(u64_t \fIi\fP)" -Extract the low 32 bits of a 64 bit number. -.TP -.B "unsigned long ex64hi(u64_t \fIi\fP)" -Extract the high 32 bits of a 64 bit number. -.TP -.B "u64_t make64(unsigned long \fIlo\fP, unsigned long \fIhi\fP)" -Combine the low and high parts of a 64 bit number to a 64 bit number. (The -last three functions are used to pass 64 bit numbers in messages within the -kernel. They should not be used for anything else.) -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR fcntl (2), -.BR controller (4). -.SH NOTES -With the usual disk block size of 512 bytes the maximum disk size is 512 -\(** 4 gigabytes = 2 terabytes. -.PP -Standard MINIX 3 only uses 64 bit computations within the disk drivers, so -individual partitions are still limited to 4 gigabytes. Minix-vmd has 64 -bit computations also in the file system code. -.PP -Special care must be taken when accessing disk devices. For MINIX 3 one may -have to temporarily change the start of the partition to go beyond 4 G. -Minix-vmd can go beyond 4 G, but the -.B lseek -system call is still limited to a 32 bit offset. One needs to use -.PP -.RS -.BI "fcntl(" fd ", F_SEEK, u64_t " offset ")" -.RE -.PP -to seek to a 64 bit position. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/malloc.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/malloc.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,117 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)malloc.3 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/14/86 -.\" -.TH MALLOC 3 "May 14, 1986" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca \- memory allocator -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include -#include - -void *malloc(size_t \fIsize\fP) -void free(void *\fIptr\fP) -void *realloc(void *\fIptr\fP, size_t \fIsize\fP) -void *calloc(size_t \fInelem\fP, size_t \fIelsize\fP) -void *alloca(size_t \fIsize\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Malloc -and -.B free -provide a general-purpose memory allocation package. -.B Malloc -returns a pointer to a block of at least -.I size -bytes beginning on a word boundary. -.PP -The argument to -.B free -is a pointer to a block previously allocated by -.BR malloc ; -this space is made available for further allocation, -but its contents are left undisturbed. -A call with a null -.I ptr -is legal and does nothing. -.PP -Needless to say, grave disorder will result if the space assigned by -.B malloc -is overrun or if some random number is handed to -.BR free . -.PP -.B Malloc -maintains multiple lists of free blocks according to size, -allocating space from the appropriate list. -It calls -.B sbrk -(see -.BR brk (2)) -to get more memory from the system when there is no -suitable space already free. -.PP -.B Realloc -changes the size of the block pointed to by -.I ptr -to -.I size -bytes and returns a pointer to the (possibly moved) block. -The contents will be unchanged up to the lesser of the new and old sizes. -A call with a null -.I ptr -is legal and has the same result as -.BI malloc( size )\fR. -.PP -.B Calloc -allocates space for an array of -.I nelem -elements of size -.I elsize. -The space is initialized to zeros. -.PP -.B Alloca -allocates -.I size -bytes of space in the stack frame of the caller. -This temporary space is automatically freed on -return. -.PP -Each of the allocation routines returns a pointer -to space suitably aligned (after possible pointer coercion) -for storage of any type of object. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR brk (2). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.BR Malloc , -.BR realloc -and -.B calloc -return a null pointer if there is no available memory or if the arena -has been detectably corrupted by storing outside the bounds of a block. -.SH NOTES -Other implementations of -.BR malloc , -.BR realloc -or -.BR calloc -may return a null pointer if the size of the requested block is zero. This -implementation will always return a zero length block at a unique address, -but you should keep in mind that a null return is possible if the program -is run to another system and that this should not be mistakenly seen as -an error. -.SH BUGS -When -.B realloc -returns a null pointer, the block pointed to by -.I ptr -may be destroyed. -.PP -.B Alloca -is machine dependent; its use is discouraged. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/oneC_sum.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/oneC_sum.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,45 +1,0 @@ -.TH ONEC_SUM 3 -.SH NAME -oneC_sum \- One's complement internet checksum -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#define _MINIX_SOURCE 1 -#include -#include - -#include - -u16_t oneC_sum(u16_t \fIprev\fP, void *\fIdata\fP, size_t \fIsize\fP) -.fi -.ft R -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B OneC_sum -is used to calculate the one's complement checksum needed for IP network -packets. -A good document about the Internet Checksum is RFC-1071 (Computing the -Internet checksum). -.PP -.B OneC_sum -expects three parameters: -.TP 10 -.I prev -The checksum of previous blocks of data that are to be included in the -checksum. -The value of prev in first call to oneC_sum should be 0. -.TP -.I data -A pointer to the block of data. -The data is interpreted as a series of 16 bit numbers in network byte order, but -an odd number of bytes is also allowed. -.TP -.I size -The size of the data in bytes. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ip (4). -.br -.B RFC-1071 -.SH AUTHOR -Philip Homburg (philip@cs.vu.nl) -.\" -.\" $PchId: oneC_sum.3,v 1.3 1996/02/22 21:05:31 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/openpty.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/openpty.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,18 +1,0 @@ -.TH OPENPTY 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -openpty \- library call to obtain a pty -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int openpty(int *\fIamaster\fP, int *\fIaslave\fP, char *\fIname\fP, struct termios *\fItermp\fP, struct winsize *\fIwinp\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Openpty -tries to obtain pty file descriptors by opening /dev/ttypX and -/dev/ptypX, setting *\fIamaster\fP and *\fIaslave\fP to these fd's, -changing ownership of the slave pty to the current process, and making -it only group-writable by group tty. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/popen.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/popen.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,51 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)popen.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH POPEN 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -popen, pclose \- initiate I/O to/from a process -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -FILE *popen(const char *command, const char *type) -int pclose(FILE *stream) -.SH DESCRIPTION -The arguments to -.B popen -are pointers to null-terminated strings containing respectively a -shell command line and an I/O mode, either "r" for reading or "w" for -writing. It creates a pipe between the calling process and -the command to be executed. The value returned is a stream pointer that -can be used (as appropriate) to write to the standard input -of the command or read from its standard output. -.PP -A stream opened by -.B popen -should be closed by -.BR pclose , -which waits for the associated process to terminate -and returns the exit status of the command. -.PP -Because open files are shared, a type "r" command may be used as an input -filter, and a type "w" as an output filter. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR pipe (2), -.BR fopen (3), -.BR fclose (3), -.BR system (3), -.BR wait (2), -.BR sh (1). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Popen -returns a null pointer if files or processes cannot be created, or the shell -cannot be accessed. -.SH BUGS -Buffered reading before opening an input filter -may leave the standard input of that filter mispositioned. -Similar problems with an output filter may be -forestalled by careful buffer flushing, for instance, with -.BR fflush , -see -.BR fclose (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/printf.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/printf.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,264 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)printf.3s 6.3 (Berkeley) 6/5/86 -.\" -.TH PRINTF 3 "June 5, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -printf, fprintf, sprintf, snprintf, vprintf, vfprintf, vsprintf, vsnprintf \- formatted output conversion -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include -#include - -int printf(const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIarg\fP\fR] ...\fP); -int fprintf(FILE *\fIstream\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIarg\fP\fR] ...\fP); -int sprintf(char *\fIs\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIarg\fP\fR] ...\fP); -int snprintf(char *\fIs\fP, size_t \fIn\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIarg\fP\fR] ...\fP); -int vprintf(const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP); -int vfprintf(FILE *\fIstream\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP); -int vsprintf(char *\fIs\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP); -int vsnprintf(char *\fIs\fP, size_t \fIn\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP); -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Printf -places output on the standard output stream -.BR stdout . -.B Fprintf -places output on the named output -.IR stream . -.B Sprintf -places `output' in the string -.IR s , -followed by the character `\e0'. -.B Snprintf -(Minix-vmd only) -is like -.B sprintf -except that no more than -.IR n \-1 -characters are written to -.I s -followed by a `\e0'. -.PP -The -.B v*printf -functions can be used to make functions like the first four by using the -.BR stdarg (3) -method to process the argument. -.PP -Each of these functions converts, formats, and prints its arguments after -the first under control of the first argument. -The first argument is a character string which contains two types of objects: -plain characters, which are simply copied to the output stream, -and conversion specifications, each of which causes conversion and printing -of the next successive -.IR arg . -.PP -Each conversion specification is introduced by the character -.BR % . -The remainder of the conversion specification includes -in the following order -.TP -\(bu -Zero or more of following flags: -.RS -.TP -\(bu -a `#' character -specifying that the value should be converted to an ``alternate form''. -For -.BR c , -.BR d , -.BR s , -and -.BR u -conversions, this option has no effect. For -.B o -conversions, the precision of the number is increased to force the first -character of the output string to a zero. For -.BR x ( X ) -conversion, a non-zero result has the string -.BR 0x ( 0X ) -prepended to it. For -.BR e , -.BR E , -.BR f , -.BR g , -and -.BR G -conversions, the result will always contain a decimal point, even if no -digits follow the point (normally, a decimal point only appears in the -results of those conversions if a digit follows the decimal point). For -.B g -and -.B G -conversions, trailing zeros are not removed from the result as they -would otherwise be. -.TP -\(bu -a minus sign `\-' which specifies -.I "left adjustment" -of the converted value in the indicated field; -.TP -\(bu -a `+' character specifying that there should always be -a sign placed before the number when using signed conversions. -.TP -\(bu -a space specifying that a blank should be left before a positive number -during a signed conversion. A `+' overrides a space if both are used. -.RE -.TP -\(bu -an optional digit string specifying a -.I "field width;" -if the converted value has fewer characters than the field width -it will be blank-padded on the left (or right, -if the left-adjustment indicator has been given) to make up the field width; -if the field width begins with a zero, -zero-padding will be done instead of blank-padding; -.TP -\(bu -an optional period -.RB ` . ' -which serves to separate the field width from the next digit string; -.TP -\(bu -an optional digit string specifying a -.I precision -which specifies the number of digits to appear after the -decimal point, for e- and f-conversion, or the maximum number of characters -to be printed from a string; -.TP -\(bu -the character -.B l -specifying that a following -.BR d , -.BR o , -.BR x , -or -.B u -corresponds to a long integer -.IR arg . -.TP -\(bu -a character which indicates the type of -conversion to be applied. -.PP -A field width or precision may be `*' instead of a digit string. -In this case an integer -.I arg -supplies -the field width or precision. -.PP -The conversion characters -and their meanings are -.TP -.B dox -The integer -.I arg -is converted to decimal, octal, or -hexadecimal notation respectively. -.TP -.B X -Like -.BR x , -but use upper case instead of lower case. -.TP -.B f -The float or double -.I arg -is converted to decimal notation -in the style `[\fB\-\fR]ddd.ddd' -where the number of d's after the decimal point -is equal to the precision specification -for the argument. -If the precision -is missing, -6 digits are given; -if the precision is explicitly 0, no digits and -no decimal point are printed. -.TP -.B e -The float or double -.I arg -is converted in the style -`[\fB\-\fR]d\fB.\fRddd\fBe\fR\(+-dd' -where there is one digit before the decimal point and -the number after is equal to the -precision specification for the argument; -when the precision is missing, -6 digits are produced. -.TP -.B g -The float or double -.I arg -is printed in style -.BR d , -in style -.BR f , -or in -style -.BR e , -whichever gives full precision in minimum space. -.TP -.B c -The character -.I arg -is printed. -.TP -.B s -.I Arg -is taken to be a string (character pointer) -and characters from the string are printed until -a null character or until -the number of characters indicated by the precision -specification is reached; -however if the precision is 0 or missing -all characters up to a null are printed. -.TP -.B u -The unsigned integer -.I arg -is converted to decimal -and printed. -.TP -.B % -Print a `%'; no argument is converted. -.PP -In no case does a non-existent or small field width -cause truncation of a field; -padding takes place only if the specified field -width exceeds the actual width. -Characters generated by -.B printf -are printed by -.BR putc (3). -.PP -.B Examples -.br -To print a date and time in the form `Sunday, July 3, 10:02', -where -.I weekday -and -.I month -are pointers to null-terminated strings: -.PP -.RS -printf("%s, %s %d, %02d:%02d", weekday, month, day, hour, min); -.RE -.PP -To print -.if n pi -.if t \(*p -to 5 decimals: -.IP -printf("pi = %.5f", 4*atan(1.0)); -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR putc (3), -.BR scanf (3), -.BR ecvt (3), -.BR stdarg (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/putc.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/putc.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,70 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)putc.3s 6.2 (Berkeley) 11/6/85 -.\" -.TH PUTC 3 "November 6, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -putc, putchar, fputc, putw \- put character or word on a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int putc(int \fIc\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int putchar(int \fIc\fP) -int fputc(int \fIc\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -int putw(int \fIw\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Putc -appends the character -.I c -to the named output -.IR stream . -It returns the character written. -.PP -.BI Putchar( c ) -is defined as -.BI putc( c ", stdout)\fR." -.PP -.B Fputc -behaves like -.BR putc , -but is a genuine function rather than a macro. -.PP -.B Putw -appends word (that is, -.BR int ) -.I w -to the output -.IR stream . -It returns the word written. -.B Putw -neither assumes nor causes special alignment in the file. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR fopen (3), -.BR fclose (3), -.BR getc (3), -.BR puts (3), -.BR printf (3), -.BR fread (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -These functions return the constant -.SM -.B EOF -upon error. Since this is a good integer, -.BR ferror (3) -should be used to detect -.B putw -errors. -.SH BUGS -Because it is implemented as a macro, -.B putc -treats a -.I stream -argument with side effects improperly. In particular -`putc(c,\ *f++);' -doesn't work sensibly. -.PP -Errors can occur long after the call to -.BR putc . Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/puts.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/puts.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,43 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)puts.3s 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH PUTS 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -puts, fputs \- put a string on a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int puts(char *\fIs\fP) -int fputs(char *\fIs\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft P -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Puts -copies the null-terminated string -.I s -to the standard output stream -.B stdout -and appends a -newline character. -.PP -.B Fputs -copies the null-terminated string -.I s -to the named output -.IR stream . -.PP -Neither routine copies the terminal null character. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR fopen (3), -.BR gets (3), -.BR putc (3), -.BR printf (3), -.BR ferror (3), -.BR fread (3). -.SH BUGS -.B Puts -appends a newline, -.B fputs -does not, all in the name of backward compatibility. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/qsort.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/qsort.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,36 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)qsort.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH QSORT 3 "May 15, 1985" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -qsort \- quicker sort -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include - -.fi -.in +.5i -.ti -.5i -void qsort(void *\fIbase\fP, size_t \fInel\fP, size_t \fIwidth\fP, int (*\fIcompar\fP)(const void *, const void *)) -.in -.5i -.ft R -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Qsort -is an implementation of the quicker-sort algorithm. -The first argument is a pointer to the base of the data; -the second is the number of elements; -the third is the width of an element in bytes; -the last is the name of the comparison routine -to be called with two arguments which are pointers -to the elements being compared. -The routine must return an integer less than, equal to, or greater than 0 -according as the first argument is to be considered -less than, equal to, or greater than the second. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR sort (1). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/rand.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/rand.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,33 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)rand.3c 6.2 (Berkeley) 9/29/85 -.\" -.TH RAND 3 "September 29, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -rand, srand \- random number generator -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -void srand(unsigned \fIseed\fP) -unsigned rand(void) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Rand -uses a multiplicative congruential -random number generator with period -.if t 2\u\s732\s0\d -.if n 2**32 -to return successive pseudo-random -numbers in the range from 0 to -.BR RAND_MAX . -.PP -The generator is reinitialized by calling -.B srand -with 1 as argument. -It can be set to a random starting point by calling -.B srand -with whatever you like as argument. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR random (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/random.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/random.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,131 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)random.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 9/29/85 -.\" -.TH RANDOM 3 "September 29, 1985" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -random, srandom, initstate, setstate \- better random number generator; routines for changing generators -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -long random(void) -void srandom(unsigned \fIseed\fP) -char *initstate(unsigned \fIseed\fP, char *\fIstate\fP, int \fIn\fP) -char *setstate(char *\fIstate\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.PP -.B Random -uses a non-linear additive feedback random number generator employing a -default table of size 31 long integers to return successive pseudo-random -numbers in the range from 0 to -.if t 2\u\s731\s10\d\(mi1. -.if n (2**31)\(mi1. -The period of this random number generator is very large, approximately -.if t 16\(mu(2\u\s731\s10\d\(mi1). -.if n 16*((2**31)\(mi1). -.PP -.B Random/srandom -have (almost) the same calling sequence and initialization properties as -.B rand/srand. -The difference is that -.BR rand (3) -produces a much less random sequence \(em in fact, the low dozen bits -generated by rand go through a cyclic pattern. All the bits generated by -.B random -are usable. For example, ``random()&01'' will produce a random binary -value. -.PP -Unlike -.BR srand , -.B srandom -does not return the old seed; the reason for this is that the amount of -state information used is much more than a single word. (Two other -routines are provided to deal with restarting/changing random -number generators). Like -.BR rand (3), -however, -.B random -will by default produce a sequence of numbers that can be duplicated -by calling -.B srandom -with -.B 1 -as the seed. -.PP -The -.B initstate -routine allows a state array, passed in as an argument, to be initialized -for future use. The size of the state array (in bytes) is used by -.B initstate -to decide how sophisticated a random number generator it should use -- the -more state, the better the random numbers will be. -(Current "optimal" values for the amount of state information are -8, 32, 64, 128, and 256 bytes; other amounts will be rounded down to -the nearest known amount. Using less than 8 bytes will cause an error). -The seed for the initialization (which specifies a starting point for -the random number sequence, and provides for restarting at the same -point) is also an argument. -.B Initstate -returns a pointer to the previous state information array. -.PP -Once a state has been initialized, the -.B setstate -routine provides for rapid switching between states. -.B Setstate -returns a pointer to the previous state array; its -argument state array is used for further random number generation -until the next call to -.B initstate -or -.BR setstate . -.PP -Once a state array has been initialized, it may be restarted at a -different point either by calling -.B initstate -(with the desired seed, the state array, and its size) or by calling -both -.B setstate -(with the state array) and -.B srandom -(with the desired seed). -The advantage of calling both -.B setstate -and -.B srandom -is that the size of the state array does not have to be remembered after -it is initialized. -.PP -With 256 bytes of state information, the period of the random number -generator is greater than -.if t 2\u\s769\s10\d, -.if n 2**69 -which should be sufficient for most purposes. -.SH AUTHOR -Earl T. Cohen -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.PP -If -.B initstate -is called with less than 8 bytes of state information, or if -.B setstate -detects that the state information has been garbled, error -messages are printed on the standard error output. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR rand (3). -.SH NOTES -.B initstate -and -.B setstate -are not declared in -.IR , -programmers must provide their own declarations. -.SH BUGS -About 2/3 the speed of -.BR rand (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/rcmd.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/rcmd.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,141 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1983 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)rcmd.3 6.7 (Berkeley) 5/14/86 -.\" -.TH RCMD 3 "May 14, 1986" -.UC 5 -.SH NAME -rcmd, rresvport, ruserok \- routines for returning a stream to a remote command -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.B "#include " -.B "#include " -.PP -.B "rem = rcmd(ahost, inport, locuser, remuser, cmd, fd2p);" -.B char **ahost; -.B int inport; -.B "char *locuser, *remuser, *cmd;" -.B int *fd2p; -.PP -.B s = rresvport(port); -.B int *port; -.PP -.B "ruserok(rhost, superuser, ruser, luser);" -.B char *rhost; -.B int superuser; -.B char *ruser, *luser; -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.I Rcmd -is a routine used by the super-user to execute a command on -a remote machine using an authentication scheme based -on reserved port numbers. -.I Rresvport -is a routine which returns a descriptor to a socket -with an address in the privileged port space. -.I Ruserok -is a routine used by servers -to authenticate clients requesting service with -.IR rcmd . -All three functions are present in the same file and are used -by the -.IR rshd (8) -server (among others). -.PP -.I Rcmd -looks up the host -.I *ahost -using -.IR gethostbyname (3), -returning \-1 if the host does not exist. -Otherwise -.I *ahost -is set to the standard name of the host -and a connection is established to a server -residing at the well-known Internet port -.IR inport . -.PP -If the connection succeeds, -a socket in the Internet domain of type SOCK_STREAM -is returned to the caller, and given to the remote -command as -.B stdin -and -.BR stdout . -If -.I fd2p -is non-zero, then an auxiliary channel to a control -process will be set up, and a descriptor for it will be placed -in -.IR *fd2p . -The control process will return diagnostic -output from the command (unit 2) on this channel, and will also -accept bytes on this channel as being UNIX signal numbers, to be -forwarded to the process group of the command. -If -.I fd2p -is 0, then the -.B stderr -(unit 2 of the remote -command) will be made the same as the -.B stdout -and no -provision is made for sending arbitrary signals to the remote process, -although you may be able to get its attention by using out-of-band data. -.PP -The protocol is described in detail in -.IR rshd (8). -.PP -The -.I rresvport -routine is used to obtain a socket with a privileged -address bound to it. This socket is suitable for use -by -.I rcmd -and several other routines. Privileged Internet ports are those -in the range 0 to 1023. Only the super-user -is allowed to bind an address of this sort to a socket. -.PP -.I Ruserok -takes a remote host's name, as returned by a -.IR gethostbyaddr (3) -routine, two user names and a flag indicating whether -the local user's name is that of the super-user. It then -checks the files -.I /etc/hosts.equiv -and, possibly, -.I .rhosts -in the current working directory (normally the local -user's home directory) to see if the request for -service is allowed. A 0 is returned if the machine -name is listed in the ``hosts.equiv'' file, or the -host and remote user name are found in the ``.rhosts'' -file; otherwise -.I ruserok -returns \-1. If the -.I superuser -flag is 1, the checking of the ``host.equiv'' file is -bypassed. -If the local domain (as obtained from \fIgethostname\fP\|(3)) -is the same as the remote domain, only the machine name need be specified. -.SH SEE ALSO -rlogin(1), -rsh(1), -intro(2), -rexec(3), -rexecd(8), -rlogind(8), -rshd(8) -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.I Rcmd -returns a valid socket descriptor on success. -It returns -1 on error and prints a diagnostic message on the standard error. -.PP -.I Rresvport -returns a valid, bound socket descriptor on success. -It returns -1 on error with the global value -.I errno -set according to the reason for failure. -The error code EAGAIN is overloaded to mean ``All network ports in use.'' Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/regex.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/regex.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,541 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer. -.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993, 1994 -.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by -.\" Henry Spencer. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without -.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions -.\" are met: -.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. -.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright -.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the -.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. -.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software -.\" must display the following acknowledgement: -.\" This product includes software developed by the University of -.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. -.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors -.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software -.\" without specific prior written permission. -.\" -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND -.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE -.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE -.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE -.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL -.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS -.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) -.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT -.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY -.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF -.\" SUCH DAMAGE. -.\" -.\" @(#)regex.3 8.4 (Berkeley) 3/20/94 -.\" -.TH REGEX 3 "March 20, 1994" -.de ZR -.\" one other place knows this name: the SEE ALSO section -.BR re_format (7) \\$1 -.. -.SH NAME -regex, regcomp, regexec, regerror, regfree \- regular-expression library -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.\".na -#include -.br -#include -.sp -.in +.5i -.ti -.5i -int regcomp(regex_t *\fIpreg\fP, const char *\fIpattern\fP, int \fIcflags\fP); -.ti -.5i -int regexec(const regex_t *\fIpreg\fP, const char *\fIstring\fP, -size_t \fInmatch\fP, regmatch_t \fIpmatch\fP[], int \fIeflags\fP); -.ti -.5i -size_t regerror(int \fIerrcode\fP, const regex_t *\fIpreg\fP, -char *\fIerrbuf\fP, size_t \fIerrbuf_size\fP); -.ti -.5i -void regfree(regex_t *\fIpreg\fP); -.in -.5i -.ft R -.SH DESCRIPTION -These routines implement POSIX 1003.2 regular expressions (``RE''s); -see -.ZR . -.B Regcomp -compiles an RE written as a string into an internal form, -.B regexec -matches that internal form against a string and reports results, -.B regerror -transforms error codes from either into human-readable messages, -and -.B regfree -frees any dynamically-allocated storage used by the internal form -of an RE. -.PP -The header -.I -declares two structure types, -.B regex_t -and -.BR regmatch_t , -the former for compiled internal forms and the latter for match reporting. -It also declares the four functions, -a type -.BR regoff_t , -and a number of constants with names starting with ``REG_''. -.PP -.B Regcomp -compiles the regular expression contained in the -.I pattern -string, -subject to the flags in -.IR cflags , -and places the results in the -.B regex_t -structure pointed to by -.IR preg . -.I Cflags -is the bitwise OR of zero or more of the following flags: -.IP REG_EXTENDED \w'REG_EXTENDED'u+2n -Compile modern (``extended'') REs, -rather than the obsolete (``basic'') REs that -are the default. -.IP REG_BASIC -This is a synonym for 0, -provided as a counterpart to REG_EXTENDED to improve readability. -.IP REG_NOSPEC -Compile with recognition of all special characters turned off. -All characters are thus considered ordinary, -so the ``RE'' is a literal string. -This is an extension, -compatible with but not specified by POSIX 1003.2, -and should be used with -caution in software intended to be portable to other systems. -REG_EXTENDED and REG_NOSPEC may not be used -in the same call to -.IR regcomp . -.IP REG_ICASE -Compile for matching that ignores upper/lower case distinctions. -See -.ZR . -.IP REG_NOSUB -Compile for matching that need only report success or failure, -not what was matched. -.IP REG_NEWLINE -Compile for newline-sensitive matching. -By default, newline is a completely ordinary character with no special -meaning in either REs or strings. -With this flag, -`[^' bracket expressions and `.' never match newline, -a `^' anchor matches the null string after any newline in the string -in addition to its normal function, -and the `$' anchor matches the null string before any newline in the -string in addition to its normal function. -.IP REG_PEND -The regular expression ends, -not at the first NUL, -but just before the character pointed to by the -.B re_endp -member of the structure pointed to by -.IR preg . -The -.B re_endp -member is of type -.BR "const\ char\ *" . -This flag permits inclusion of NULs in the RE; -they are considered ordinary characters. -This is an extension, -compatible with but not specified by POSIX 1003.2, -and should be used with -caution in software intended to be portable to other systems. -.PP -When successful, -.B regcomp -returns 0 and fills in the structure pointed to by -.IR preg . -One member of that structure -(other than -.BR re_endp ) -is publicized: -.BR re_nsub , -of type -.BR size_t , -contains the number of parenthesized subexpressions within the RE -(except that the value of this member is undefined if the -REG_NOSUB flag was used). -If -.B regcomp -fails, it returns a non-zero error code; -see DIAGNOSTICS. -.PP -.B Regexec -matches the compiled RE pointed to by -.I preg -against the -.IR string , -subject to the flags in -.IR eflags , -and reports results using -.IR nmatch , -.IR pmatch , -and the returned value. -The RE must have been compiled by a previous invocation of -.BR regcomp . -The compiled form is not altered during execution of -.BR regexec , -so a single compiled RE can be used simultaneously by multiple threads. -.PP -By default, -the NUL-terminated string pointed to by -.I string -is considered to be the text of an entire line, minus any terminating -newline. -The -.I eflags -argument is the bitwise OR of zero or more of the following flags: -.IP REG_NOTBOL \w'REG_STARTEND'u+2n -The first character of -the string -is not the beginning of a line, so the `^' anchor should not match before it. -This does not affect the behavior of newlines under REG_NEWLINE. -.IP REG_NOTEOL -The NUL terminating -the string -does not end a line, so the `$' anchor should not match before it. -This does not affect the behavior of newlines under REG_NEWLINE. -.IP REG_STARTEND -The string is considered to start at -\fIstring\fR\ + \fIpmatch\fR[0].\fBrm_so\fR -and to have a terminating NUL located at -\fIstring\fR\ + \fIpmatch\fR[0].\fBrm_eo\fR -(there need not actually be a NUL at that location), -regardless of the value of -.IR nmatch . -See below for the definition of -.IR pmatch -and -.IR nmatch . -This is an extension, -compatible with but not specified by POSIX 1003.2, -and should be used with -caution in software intended to be portable to other systems. -Note that a non-zero \fBrm_so\fR does not imply REG_NOTBOL; -REG_STARTEND affects only the location of the string, -not how it is matched. -.PP -See -.ZR -for a discussion of what is matched in situations where an RE or a -portion thereof could match any of several substrings of -.IR string . -.PP -Normally, -.B regexec -returns 0 for success and the non-zero code REG_NOMATCH for failure. -Other non-zero error codes may be returned in exceptional situations; -see DIAGNOSTICS. -.PP -If REG_NOSUB was specified in the compilation of the RE, -or if -.I nmatch -is 0, -.B regexec -ignores the -.I pmatch -argument (but see below for the case where REG_STARTEND is specified). -Otherwise, -.I pmatch -points to an array of -.I nmatch -structures of type -.BR regmatch_t . -Such a structure has at least the members -.B rm_so -and -.BR rm_eo , -both of type -.B regoff_t -(a signed arithmetic type at least as large as an -.B off_t -and a -.BR ssize_t ), -containing respectively the offset of the first character of a substring -and the offset of the first character after the end of the substring. -Offsets are measured from the beginning of the -.I string -argument given to -.BR regexec . -An empty substring is denoted by equal offsets, -both indicating the character following the empty substring. -.PP -The 0th member of the -.I pmatch -array is filled in to indicate what substring of -.I string -was matched by the entire RE. -Remaining members report what substring was matched by parenthesized -subexpressions within the RE; -member -.I i -reports subexpression -.IR i , -with subexpressions counted (starting at 1) by the order of their opening -parentheses in the RE, left to right. -Unused entries in the array\(emcorresponding either to subexpressions that -did not participate in the match at all, or to subexpressions that do not -exist in the RE (that is, \fIi\fR\ > \fIpreg\fR\->\fBre_nsub\fR)\(emhave both -.B rm_so -and -.B rm_eo -set to \-1. -If a subexpression participated in the match several times, -the reported substring is the last one it matched. -(Note, as an example in particular, that when the RE `(b*)+' matches `bbb', -the parenthesized subexpression matches each of the three `b's and then -an infinite number of empty strings following the last `b', -so the reported substring is one of the empties.) -.PP -If REG_STARTEND is specified, -.I pmatch -must point to at least one -.B regmatch_t -(even if -.I nmatch -is 0 or REG_NOSUB was specified), -to hold the input offsets for REG_STARTEND. -Use for output is still entirely controlled by -.IR nmatch ; -if -.I nmatch -is 0 or REG_NOSUB was specified, -the value of -.IR pmatch [0] -will not be changed by a successful -.BR regexec . -.PP -.B Regerror -maps a non-zero -.I errcode -from either -.B regcomp -or -.B regexec -to a human-readable, printable message. -If -.I preg -is non-NULL, -the error code should have arisen from use of -the -.B regex_t -pointed to by -.IR preg , -and if the error code came from -.BR regcomp , -it should have been the result from the most recent -.B regcomp -using that -.BR regex_t . -.RI ( Regerror -may be able to supply a more detailed message using information -from the -.BR regex_t .) -.B Regerror -places the NUL-terminated message into the buffer pointed to by -.IR errbuf , -limiting the length (including the NUL) to at most -.I errbuf_size -bytes. -If the whole message won't fit, -as much of it as will fit before the terminating NUL is supplied. -In any case, -the returned value is the size of buffer needed to hold the whole -message (including terminating NUL). -If -.I errbuf_size -is 0, -.I errbuf -is ignored but the return value is still correct. -.PP -If the -.I errcode -given to -.B regerror -is first ORed with REG_ITOA, -the ``message'' that results is the printable name of the error code, -e.g. ``REG_NOMATCH'', -rather than an explanation thereof. -If -.I errcode -is REG_ATOI, -then -.I preg -shall be non-NULL and the -.B re_endp -member of the structure it points to -must point to the printable name of an error code; -in this case, the result in -.I errbuf -is the decimal digits of -the numeric value of the error code -(0 if the name is not recognized). -REG_ITOA and REG_ATOI are intended primarily as debugging facilities; -they are extensions, -compatible with but not specified by POSIX 1003.2, -and should be used with -caution in software intended to be portable to other systems. -Be warned also that they are considered experimental and changes are possible. -.PP -.B Regfree -frees any dynamically-allocated storage associated with the compiled RE -pointed to by -.IR preg . -The remaining -.B regex_t -is no longer a valid compiled RE -and the effect of supplying it to -.B regexec -or -.B regerror -is undefined. -.PP -None of these functions references global variables except for tables -of constants; -all are safe for use from multiple threads if the arguments are safe. -.SH IMPLEMENTATION CHOICES -There are a number of decisions that 1003.2 leaves up to the implementor, -either by explicitly saying ``undefined'' or by virtue of them being -forbidden by the RE grammar. -This implementation treats them as follows. -.PP -See -.ZR -for a discussion of the definition of case-independent matching. -.PP -There is no particular limit on the length of REs, -except insofar as memory is limited. -Memory usage is approximately linear in RE size, and largely insensitive -to RE complexity, except for bounded repetitions. -See BUGS for one short RE using them -that will run almost any system out of memory. -.PP -A backslashed character other than one specifically given a magic meaning -by 1003.2 (such magic meanings occur only in obsolete [``basic''] REs) -is taken as an ordinary character. -.PP -Any unmatched [ is a REG_EBRACK error. -.PP -Equivalence classes cannot begin or end bracket-expression ranges. -The endpoint of one range cannot begin another. -.PP -RE_DUP_MAX, the limit on repetition counts in bounded repetitions, is 255. -.PP -A repetition operator (?, *, +, or bounds) cannot follow another -repetition operator. -A repetition operator cannot begin an expression or subexpression -or follow `^' or `|'. -.PP -`|' cannot appear first or last in a (sub)expression or after another `|', -i.e. an operand of `|' cannot be an empty subexpression. -An empty parenthesized subexpression, `()', is legal and matches an -empty (sub)string. -An empty string is not a legal RE. -.PP -A `{' followed by a digit is considered the beginning of bounds for a -bounded repetition, which must then follow the syntax for bounds. -A `{' \fInot\fR followed by a digit is considered an ordinary character. -.PP -`^' and `$' beginning and ending subexpressions in obsolete (``basic'') -REs are anchors, not ordinary characters. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR grep (1), -.BR re_format (7). -.PP -POSIX 1003.2, sections 2.8 (Regular Expression Notation) -and -B.5 (C Binding for Regular Expression Matching). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -Non-zero error codes from -.B regcomp -and -.B regexec -include the following: -.PP -.nf -.ta \w'REG_ECOLLATE'u+3n -REG_NOMATCH regexec() failed to match -REG_BADPAT invalid regular expression -REG_ECOLLATE invalid collating element -REG_ECTYPE invalid character class -REG_EESCAPE \e applied to unescapable character -REG_ESUBREG invalid backreference number -REG_EBRACK brackets [ ] not balanced -REG_EPAREN parentheses ( ) not balanced -REG_EBRACE braces { } not balanced -REG_BADBR invalid repetition count(s) in { } -REG_ERANGE invalid character range in [ ] -REG_ESPACE ran out of memory -REG_BADRPT ?, *, or + operand invalid -REG_EMPTY empty (sub)expression -REG_ASSERT ``can't happen''\(emyou found a bug -REG_INVARG invalid argument, e.g. negative-length string -.fi -.SH HISTORY -Originally written by Henry Spencer. -Altered for inclusion in the 4.4BSD distribution. -.SH BUGS -This is an alpha release with known defects. -Please report problems. -.PP -There is one known functionality bug. -The implementation of internationalization is incomplete: -the locale is always assumed to be the default one of 1003.2, -and only the collating elements etc. of that locale are available. -.PP -The back-reference code is subtle and doubts linger about its correctness -in complex cases. -.PP -.B Regexec -performance is poor. -This will improve with later releases. -.I Nmatch -exceeding 0 is expensive; -.I nmatch -exceeding 1 is worse. -.B Regexec -is largely insensitive to RE complexity \fIexcept\fR that back -references are massively expensive. -RE length does matter; in particular, there is a strong speed bonus -for keeping RE length under about 30 characters, -with most special characters counting roughly double. -.PP -.B Regcomp -implements bounded repetitions by macro expansion, -which is costly in time and space if counts are large -or bounded repetitions are nested. -An RE like, say, -`((((a{1,100}){1,100}){1,100}){1,100}){1,100}' -will (eventually) run almost any existing machine out of swap space. -.PP -There are suspected problems with response to obscure error conditions. -Notably, -certain kinds of internal overflow, -produced only by truly enormous REs or by multiply nested bounded repetitions, -are probably not handled well. -.PP -Due to a mistake in 1003.2, things like `a)b' are legal REs because `)' is -a special character only in the presence of a previous unmatched `('. -This can't be fixed until the spec is fixed. -.PP -The standard's definition of back references is vague. -For example, does -`a\e(\e(b\e)*\e2\e)*d' match `abbbd'? -Until the standard is clarified, -behavior in such cases should not be relied on. -.PP -The implementation of word-boundary matching is a bit of a kludge, -and bugs may lurk in combinations of word-boundary matching and anchoring. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/resolver.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/resolver.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,280 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1985 The Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. -.\" -.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided -.\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and -.\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following -.\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the -.\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the -.\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in -.\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software. -.\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may -.\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without -.\" specific prior written permission. -.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED -.\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF -.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. -.\" -.\" @(#)resolver.3 6.5 (Berkeley) 6/23/90 -.\" -.TH RESOLVER 3 "June 23, 1990" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -resolver, res_query, res_search, res_mkquery, res_send, res_init, dn_comp, dn_expand \- resolver routines -.SH SYNOPSIS -.B #include -.br -.B #include -.br -.B #include -.br -.B #include -.PP -.B "res_query(dname, class, type, answer, anslen)" -.br -.B char *dname; -.br -.B int class, type; -.br -.B u_char *answer; -.br -.B int anslen; -.PP -.B "res_search(dname, class, type, answer, anslen)" -.br -.B char *dname; -.br -.B int class, type; -.br -.B u_char *answer; -.br -.B int anslen; -.PP -.B "res_mkquery(op, dname, class, type, data, datalen, newrr, buf, buflen)" -.br -.B int op; -.br -.B char *dname; -.br -.B int class, type; -.br -.B char *data; -.br -.B int datalen; -.br -.B struct rrec *newrr; -.br -.B char *buf; -.br -.B int buflen; -.PP -.B res_send(msg, msglen, answer, anslen) -.br -.B char *msg; -.br -.B int msglen; -.br -.B char *answer; -.br -.B int anslen; -.PP -.B res_init() -.PP -.B dn_comp(exp_dn, comp_dn, length, dnptrs, lastdnptr) -.br -.B char *exp_dn, *comp_dn; -.br -.B int length; -.br -.B char **dnptrs, **lastdnptr; -.PP -.B dn_expand(msg, eomorig, comp_dn, exp_dn, length) -.br -.B char *msg, *eomorig, *comp_dn, exp_dn; -.br -.B int length; -.SH DESCRIPTION -These routines are used for making, sending and interpreting -query and reply messages with Internet domain name servers. -.PP -Global configuration and state information that is used by the -resolver routines is kept in the structure -.IR _res . -Most of the values have reasonable defaults and can be ignored. -Options -stored in -.I _res.options -are defined in -.I resolv.h -and are as follows. -Options are stored as a simple bit mask containing the bitwise ``or'' -of the options enabled. -.IP RES_INIT -True if the initial name server address and default domain name are -initialized (i.e., -.I res_init -has been called). -.IP RES_DEBUG -Print debugging messages. -.IP RES_AAONLY -Accept authoritative answers only. -With this option, -.I res_send -should continue until it finds an authoritative answer or finds an error. -Currently this is not implemented. -.IP RES_USEVC -Use TCP connections for queries instead of UDP datagrams. -.IP RES_STAYOPEN -Used with RES_USEVC to keep the TCP connection open between -queries. -This is useful only in programs that regularly do many queries. -UDP should be the normal mode used. -.IP RES_IGNTC -Unused currently (ignore truncation errors, i.e., don't retry with TCP). -.IP RES_RECURSE -Set the recursion-desired bit in queries. -This is the default. -(\c -.I res_send -does not do iterative queries and expects the name server -to handle recursion.) -.IP RES_DEFNAMES -If set, -.I res_search -will append the default domain name to single-component names -(those that do not contain a dot). -This option is enabled by default. -.IP RES_DNSRCH -If this option is set, -.I res_search -will search for host names in the current domain and in parent domains; see -.IR hostname (7). -This is used by the standard host lookup routine -.IR gethostbyname (3). -This option is enabled by default. -.PP -The -.I res_init -routine -reads the configuration file (if any; see -.IR resolver (5)) -to get the default domain name, -search list and -the Internet address of the local name server(s). -If no server is configured, the host running -the resolver is tried. -The current domain name is defined by the hostname -if not specified in the configuration file; -it can be overridden by the environment variable LOCALDOMAIN. -Initialization normally occurs on the first call -to one of the following routines. -.PP -The -.I res_query -function provides an interface to the server query mechanism. -It constructs a query, sends it to the local server, -awaits a response, and makes preliminary checks on the reply. -The query requests information of the specified -.I type -and -.I class -for the specified fully-qualified domain name -.I dname . -The reply message is left in the -.I answer -buffer with length -.I anslen -supplied by the caller. -.PP -The -.I res_search -routine makes a query and awaits a response like -.IR res_query , -but in addition, it implements the default and search rules -controlled by the RES_DEFNAMES and RES_DNSRCH options. -It returns the first successful reply. -.PP -The remaining routines are lower-level routines used by -.IR res_query . -The -.I res_mkquery -function -constructs a standard query message and places it in -.IR buf . -It returns the size of the query, or \-1 if the query is -larger than -.IR buflen . -The query type -.I op -is usually QUERY, but can be any of the query types defined in -.IR . -The domain name for the query is given by -.IR dname . -.I Newrr -is currently unused but is intended for making update messages. -.PP -The -.I res_send -routine -sends a pre-formatted query and returns an answer. -It will call -.I res_init -if RES_INIT is not set, send the query to the local name server, and -handle timeouts and retries. -The length of the reply message is returned, or -\-1 if there were errors. -.PP -The -.I dn_comp -function -compresses the domain name -.I exp_dn -and stores it in -.IR comp_dn . -The size of the compressed name is returned or \-1 if there were errors. -The size of the array pointed to by -.I comp_dn -is given by -.IR length . -The compression uses -an array of pointers -.I dnptrs -to previously-compressed names in the current message. -The first pointer points to -to the beginning of the message and the list ends with NULL. -The limit to the array is specified by -.IR lastdnptr . -A side effect of -.I dn_comp -is to update the list of pointers for -labels inserted into the message -as the name is compressed. -If -.I dnptr -is NULL, names are not compressed. -If -.I lastdnptr -is NULL, the list of labels is not updated. -.PP -The -.I dn_expand -entry -expands the compressed domain name -.I comp_dn -to a full domain name -The compressed name is contained in a query or reply message; -.I msg -is a pointer to the beginning of the message. -The uncompressed name is placed in the buffer indicated by -.I exp_dn -which is of size -.IR length . -The size of compressed name is returned or \-1 if there was an error. -.SH FILES -/etc/resolv.conf see resolver(5) -.SH "SEE ALSO" -gethostbyname(3), named(8), resolver(5), hostname(7), -.br -RFC1032, RFC1033, RFC1034, RFC1035, RFC974, -.br -SMM:11 Name Server Operations Guide for BIND Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/scanf.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/scanf.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,251 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)scanf.3s 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH SCANF 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -scanf, fscanf, sscanf, vscanf, vfscanf, vsscanf \- formatted input conversion -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include -#include - -int scanf(const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIpointer\fP\fR] ...\fP) -int fscanf(FILE *\fIstream\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIpointer\fP\fR] ...\fP) -int sscanf(const char *\fIs\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP \fR[\fP, \fIpointer\fP\fR] ...\fP) -int vscanf(const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP) -int vfscanf(FILE *\fIstream\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP) -int vsscanf(const char *\fIs\fP, const char *\fIformat\fP, va_list \fIargs\fP) -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Scanf -reads from the standard input stream -.BR stdin . -.B Fscanf -reads from the named input -.IR stream . -.B Sscanf -reads from the character string -.IR s . -Each function reads characters, interprets -them according to a format, and stores the results in its arguments. -Each expects as arguments -a control string -.IR format , -described below, -and a set of -.I pointer -arguments -indicating where the converted input should be stored. -.PP -The -.B v*scanf -functions can be used to make functions like the first three by using the -.BR stdarg (3) -method to process the argument pointers. -.PP -The -control string -usually contains -conversion specifications, which are used to direct interpretation -of input sequences. -The control string may contain: -.TP 4 -1. -Blanks, tabs or newlines, -which match optional white space in the input. -.TP 4 -2. -An ordinary character (not %) which must match -the next character of the input stream. -.TP 4 -3. -Conversion specifications, consisting of the -character -.BR % , -an optional assignment suppressing character -.BR * , -an optional numerical maximum field width, and a conversion -character. -.PP -A conversion specification directs the conversion of the -next input field; the result -is placed in the variable pointed to by the corresponding argument, -unless assignment suppression was -indicated by -.BR * . -An input field is defined as a string of non-space characters; -it extends to the next inappropriate character or until the field -width, if specified, is exhausted. -.PP -The conversion character indicates the interpretation of the -input field; the corresponding pointer argument must -usually be of a restricted type. -The following conversion characters are legal: -.TP 4 -.B % -a single `%' is expected -in the input at this point; -no assignment is done. -.TP 4 -.B d -a decimal integer is expected; -the corresponding argument should be an integer pointer. -.TP 4 -.B o -an octal integer is expected; -the corresponding argument should be a integer pointer. -.TP 4 -.B x -a hexadecimal integer is expected; -the corresponding argument should be an integer pointer. -.ti -0.2i -.TP 4 -.B s -a character string is expected; -the corresponding argument should be a character pointer -pointing to an array of characters large enough to accept the -string and a terminating `\e0', which will be added. -The input field is terminated by a space character -or a newline. -.TP 4 -.B c -a character is expected; the -corresponding argument should be a character pointer. -The normal skip over space characters is suppressed -in this case; -to read the next non-space character, try -`%1s'. -If a field width is given, the corresponding argument -should refer to a character array, and the -indicated number of characters is read. -.TP 4 -.B efg -a floating point number is expected; -the next field is converted accordingly and stored through the -corresponding argument, which should be a pointer to a -.BR float . -The input format for -floating point numbers is -an optionally signed -string of digits -possibly containing a decimal point, followed by an optional -exponent field consisting of an E or e followed by an optionally signed integer. -.TP 4 -.B [ -indicates a string not to be delimited by space characters. -The left bracket is followed by a set of characters and a right -bracket; the characters between the brackets define a set -of characters making up the string. -If the first character -is not circumflex (\|^\|), the input field -is all characters until the first character not in the set between -the brackets; if the first character -after the left bracket is ^, the input field is all characters -until the first character which is in the remaining set of characters -between the brackets. -The corresponding argument must point to a character array. -.PP -The conversion characters -.BR d , -.B o -and -.B x -may be capitalized or preceded by -.B l -to indicate that a pointer to -.B long -rather than to -.B int -is in the argument list. -Similarly, the conversion characters -.BR e , -.B f -or -.B g -may be capitalized or -preceded by -.B l -to indicate a pointer to -.B double -rather than to -.BR float . -The conversion characters -.BR d , -.B o -and -.B x -may be preceded by -.B h -to indicate a pointer to -.B short -rather than to -.BR int . -.PP -The -.B scanf -functions return the number of successfully matched and assigned input -items. -This can be used to decide how many input items were found. -The constant -.SM -.B EOF -is returned upon end of input; note that this is different -from 0, which means that no conversion was done; -if conversion was intended, it was frustrated by an -inappropriate character in the input. -.PP -For example, the call -.IP "\&" 10 -int i; float x; char name[50]; -.br -scanf("%d%f%s", &i, &x, name); -.PP -with the input line -.IP -25 54.32E\(mi1 thompson -.PP -will assign to -.B i -the value -25, -.B x -the value 5.432, and -.B name -will contain `\fBthompson\e0\fP' . -Or, -.IP -int i; float x; char name[50]; -.br -scanf("%2d%f%*d%[1234567890]", &i, &x, name); -.PP -with input -.IP -56789 0123 56a72 -.PP -will assign 56 to -.BR i , -789.0 to -.BR x , -skip `0123', -and place the string `56\e0' in -.BR name . -The next call to -.B getchar -will return `a'. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR atof (3), -.BR getc (3), -.BR printf (3), -.BR stdarg (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -The -.B scanf -functions return -.SM -.B EOF -on end of input, -and a short count for missing or illegal data items. -.SH BUGS -The success of literal matches and suppressed -assignments is not directly -determinable. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/servxcheck.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/servxcheck.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,120 +1,0 @@ -.TH SERVXCHECK 3 -.SH NAME -servxcheck \- Internet service access check -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#define _MINIX_SOURCE 1 -#include - -int servxcheck(ipaddr_t \fIpeer\fP, const char *\fIservice\fP, - void (*\fIlogf\fP)(int \fIpass\fP, const char *\fIname\fP)); -char *servxfile(const char *\fIfile\fP); -.fi -.ft R -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Servxcheck() -is used by programs like -.B inetd -to perform an access check on the host connected to the other end of the TCP -channel that has IP address -.IR peer . -.PP -.B Servxcheck() -translates the IP address to the -associated host name if necessary, and checks if the host is granted access -as guided by the file -.BR /etc/serv.access . -(See -.BR serv.access (5).) -The service name used to search the access file is passed by the caller as -.IR service . -These names should be the same as the service names in -.BR /etc/services . -.PP -The caller should use the NWIOGTCPCONF ioctl() call to find out what the -IP address of the remote end is. It is wise to bypass the -.B servxcheck() -call if the remote end happens to be the local machine (remaddr == locaddr), -so that local connections aren't impeded by slow checks. -.B Servxcheck() -will itself allow connections from 127.0.0.1/8 immediately, so you -don't have to check for that. Example of use: -.PP -.RS -.nf -.ta +4n +4n +4n -if (ioctl(fd, NWIOGTCPCONF, &tcpconf) < 0 - || tcpconf.nwtc_remaddr == tcpconf.nwtc_locaddr - || servxcheck(tcpconf.nwtc_remaddr, service_name, NULL) -) { - serve(); -} -.fi -.RE -.PP -An attempt to connect to a service is logged if the access is denied. You -can use the special checkword "\fBlog\fP" to also log if access is granted. -Logging will be done with -.B syslog() -at the -.B warning -level. -A syntax error in the access file may be logged under the -.B err -level. -The caller must use -.B openlog() -to set the appropriate logging facility. One may do one's own logging by -supplying a -.I logf -function that will be called by -.B servxcheck -with a first argument that is true if access is granted, false if -denied, and a second argument that is the name of the remote host whose -access has been checked. -.PP -The default is to fail the check unless the access file says otherwise. -Strange errors make the check succeed. (We do not want -remote access to fail because of some system error.) Note that this -function is not meant to check access to the system, that's what -passwords and such are for, but only to limit access to those who are -allowed to use the services the system offers. -.PP -Connections from a machine to itself are accepted immediately. No further -checks, no logging. -.PP -.B Servxfile() -may be used to specify a file other than the default -.BR /etc/serv.access . -This is useful for programs started from -.B inetd -that want to handle the access check themselves, using a private access file. -The return value of -.B servxfile() -is the pathname of the old access file. Only a pointer to the new path is -saved, the caller must keep the string it points to intact. -.SH FILES -.TP 25n -.B /etc/serv.access -Default access check file. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR syslog (3), -.BR serv.access (5), -.BR services (5), -.BR inetd (8). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Servxcheck() -returns 0 if the access is denied, 1 if granted. -.PP -Typical syslog message: -.PP -.RS -Jan 10 20:27:20 flotsam inetd[174]: service 'shell' granted to jetsam.cs.vu.nl -.RE -.SH BUGS -IP and DNS based access checks will stop most crackers, but not the really -determined ones. Luckily MINIX 3 is sufficiently strange to thwart the well -known cracking schemes. But don't ever allow yourself to feel secure. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/setbuf.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/setbuf.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,112 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)setbuf.3s 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH SETBUF 3 "May 12, 1986" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -setbuf, setvbuf \- assign buffering to a stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int setbuf(FILE *\fIstream\fP, char *\fIbuf\fP) -int setvbuf(FILE *\fIstream\fP, char *\fIbuf\fP, int \fItype\fP, size_t \fIsize\fP) -.SH DESCRIPTION -The three types of buffering available are unbuffered, block buffered, -and line buffered. -When an output stream is unbuffered, information appears on the -destination file or terminal as soon as written; -when it is block buffered many characters are saved up and written as a block; -when it is line buffered characters are saved up until a newline is -encountered or input is read from stdin. -.B Fflush -(see -.BR fclose (3)) -may be used to force the block out early. -Normally all files are block buffered. -A buffer is obtained from -.BR malloc (3) -upon the first -.B getc -or -.BR putc (3) -on the file. -If the standard stream -.B stdout -refers to a terminal it is line buffered. -The standard stream -.B stderr -is always unbuffered. -.PP -.B Setbuf -is used after a stream has been opened but before it is read or written. -The character array -.I buf -is used instead of an automatically allocated buffer. If -.I buf -is the constant pointer -.SM -.BR NULL , -input/output will be completely unbuffered. -A manifest constant -.SM -.B BUFSIZ -tells how big an array is needed: -.IP -.B char -buf[BUFSIZ]; -.PP -.BR Setvbuf , -an alternate form of -.BR setbuf , -is used after a stream has been opened but before it is read or written. -It has three uses, depending on the value of the -.IR type -argument: -.TP 5 -.B "setvbuf(\fIstream\fP, \fIbuf\fP, _IOFBF, \fIsize\fP)" -Causes input/output to be fully buffered using the character array -.I buf -whose size is determined by the -.I size -argument. -If -.I buf -is the constant pointer -.SM -.BR NULL , -then an automatically allocated buffer will be used. -.TP 5 -.B "setvbuf(\fIstream\fP, \fIbuf\fP, _IOLBF, \fIsize\fP)" -Like above, except that output will be line buffered, i.e. the buffer will -be flushed when a newline is written, the buffer is full, or input is -requested. -.TP 5 -.B "setvbuf(\fIstream\fP, \fIbuf\fP, _IONBF, \fIsize\fP)" -Causes input/output to be completely unbuffered. -.I Buf -and -.I size -are ignored. -.PP -A file can be changed between unbuffered, line buffered, or block buffered -by using -.B freopen -(see -.BR fopen (3)) -followed by the appropriate -.B setvbuf -call. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR fopen (3), -.BR getc (3), -.BR putc (3), -.BR malloc (3), -.BR fclose (3), -.BR puts (3), -.BR printf (3), -.BR fread (3). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/sigset.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/sigset.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,85 +1,0 @@ -.TH SIGSET 3 -.SH NAME -sigset, sigaddset, sigdelset, sigemptyset, sigfillset, sigismember \- manipulate signal sets -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -#include - -.nf -int sigaddset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP, int \fIsig\fP) -int sigdelset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP, int \fIsig\fP) -int sigemptyset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP) -int sigfillset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP) -int sigismember(const sigset_t *\fIset\fP, int \fIsig\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -The system calls that handle signals, such as -.BR sigaction (2) -and -.BR sigprocmask (2) -use sets of signals to keep a process from being interrupted by those -signals while executing a signal handler or a critical code segment. These -signal sets are manipulated by the following functions: -.TP 5 -.B "int sigaddset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP, int \fIsig\fP)" -Add signal -.I sig -to the signal set referenced by -.IR set . -.TP -.B "int sigdelset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP, int \fIsig\fP)" -Remove signal -.I sig -from the signal set referenced by -.IR set . -.TP -.B "int sigemptyset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP)" -Initialize the signal set referenced by -.I set -to an empty set. -.TP -.B "int sigfillset(sigset_t *\fIset\fP)" -Initialize the signal set referenced by -.I set -to an full set, i.e. all signals are in the set. -.TP -.B "int sigismember(const sigset_t *\fIset\fP, int \fIsig\fP)" -Return -.B 1 -if the signal -.I sig -is present in the set referenced by -.IR set , -.B 0 -otherwise. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR sigaction (2), -.BR sigpending (2), -.BR sigprocmask (2), -.BR sigsuspend (2). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -All functions except -.B sigismember -return -.B 0 -on success. -.B Sigismember -returns -.B 0 -or -.B 1 -on success. They return -.B \-1 -with error code -.B EINVAL -for an invalid signal number. (They do not use -.B EFAULT -for a bad -.I set -address, but will simply cause a segmentation violation.) -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) - -.\" -.\" $PchId: sigset.3,v 1.2 1996/04/11 06:39:09 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/sleep.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/sleep.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,31 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)sleep.3 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/12/86 -.\" -.TH SLEEP 3 "May 12, 1986" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -sleep \- suspend execution for interval -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -unsigned int sleep(unsigned int \fIseconds\fP) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -The current process is suspended from execution for the number -of seconds specified by the argument. -.PP -The routine is implemented by setting an alarm timer -and pausing until it occurs. -The previous state of this timer is saved and restored. -If the sleep time exceeds the time to the expiration of the -previous timer, -the process sleeps only until the signal would have occurred, and the -signal is sent 1 second later. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR alarm (2), -.BR pause (2). Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/stdarg.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/stdarg.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,123 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)varargs.3 6.3 (Berkeley) 5/15/86 -.\" -.TH STDARG 3 "May 15, 1986" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -stdarg \- variable argument list -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -void va_start(va_list \fIap\fP, \fIargtypeN\fP \fIparmN\fP) -\fItype\fP va_arg(va_list \fIap\fP, \fItype\fP) -void va_end(va_list \fIap\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -This set of macros provides a means of writing portable procedures that -accept variable argument lists. -Routines having variable argument lists (such as -.BR printf (3)) -that do not use -.B stdarg -are inherently nonportable, since different -machines use different argument passing conventions. -.PP -A function that accepts a variable argument list is declared with "..." at -the end of its parameter list. It must have at least one normal argument -before the "...". For example: -.PP -.RS -.nf -int printf(const char *format, ...) { /* code */ } -int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...) { /* code */ } -.fi -.RE -.PP -.B va_list -is a type which is used for the variable -.I ap -within the body of a variable argument function which is used to traverse -the list. -.PP -.B va_start\c -.RI ( ap , -.IR parmN ) -is called to initialize -.I ap -to the beginning of the list. The last true parameter of the function, -.IR parmN , -must be supplied to allow -.B va_start -to compute the address of the first variable parameter. -.PP -.B va_arg\c -.RI ( ap , -.IR type ) -will return the next argument in the list pointed to by -.IR ap . -.I Type -is the type to which the expected argument will be converted -when passed as an argument. -.PP -Different types can be mixed, but it is up -to the routine to know what type of argument is -expected, since it cannot be determined at runtime. -.PP -.B va_end\c -.RI ( ap ) -must be used to finish up. -.PP -Multiple traversals, each bracketed by -.B va_start -\&... -.B va_end, -are possible. -.SH EXAMPLE -.nf -.ta +4n +4n +4n +4n - \fB#include\fP -.sp 0.4 - execl(\fBconst char\fP *path, \fB...\fP) - { - \fBva_list\fP ap; - \fBchar\fP *args[100]; - \fBint\fP argno = 0; - - \fBva_start\fP(ap, path); - \fBwhile\fP ((args[argno++] = \fBva_arg\fP(ap, \fBchar\fP *)) != NULL) {} - \fBva_end\fP(ap); - \fBreturn\fP execv(path, args); - } -.DT -.fi -.SH NOTES -It is up to the calling routine to determine how many arguments -there are, since it is not possible to determine this from the -stack frame. For example, -.B execl -passes a null pointer to signal the end of the list. -.B Printf -can tell how many arguments are supposed to be there by the format. -.PP -The macros -.B va_start -and -.B va_end -may be arbitrarily complex; -for example, -.B va_start -might contain an opening brace, -which is closed by a matching brace in -.BR va_end . -Thus, they should only be used where they could -be placed within a single complex statement. -.SH BUGS -It is impossible to properly show the macros as C declarations as is -done in the synopsis. They can never be coded as C functions, because -all three macros use their arguments by address, and the -.I type -field is certainly impossible. -Just look at them as being part of the C language, like -.BR sizeof . Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/stdio.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/stdio.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,199 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)stdio.3s 6.2 (Berkeley) 5/13/86 -.\" -.TH STDIO 3 "May 13, 1986" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -stdio \- standard buffered input/output package -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -FILE *stdin; -FILE *stdout; -FILE *stderr; -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -The functions in the standard I/O library constitute a user-level buffering -scheme. The in-line macros -.B getc -and -.BR putc (3) -handle characters quickly. The higher level routines -.BR gets , -.BR fgets , -.BR scanf , -.BR fscanf , -.BR fread , -.BR puts , -.BR fputs , -.BR printf , -.BR fprintf , -.BR fwrite -all use -.B getc -and -.BR putc ; -they can be freely intermixed. -.PP -A file with associated buffering is called a -.IR stream , -and is declared to be a pointer to a defined type -.SM -.BR FILE . -.BR Fopen (3) -creates certain descriptive data for a stream -and returns a pointer to designate the stream in all further transactions. -There are three normally open streams with constant pointers declared in -the include file and associated with the standard open files: -.TP 10n -.B stdin -standard input file -.br -.ns -.TP -.B stdout -standard output file -.br -.ns -.TP -.B stderr -standard error file -.PP -A constant `pointer' -.SM -.B NULL -(0) -designates no stream at all. -.PP -An integer constant -.SM -.B EOF -(\-1) is returned upon end of file or error by integer functions that -deal with streams. -.PP -Any routine that uses the standard input/output package -must include the header file -.RI < stdio.h > -of pertinent macro definitions. -The functions and constants mentioned in the standard I/O manual pages -are declared in the include file and need no further declaration. -The constants, and the following `functions' are -implemented as macros; redeclaration of these names is perilous: -.BR clearerr , -.BR getc , -.BR getchar , -.BR putc , -.BR putchar , -.BR feof , -.BR ferror , -.BR fileno . -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR open (2), -.BR close (2), -.BR read (2), -.BR write (2), -.BR fclose (3), -.BR ferror (3), -.BR fopen (3), -.BR fread (3), -.BR fseek (3), -.BR getc (3), -.BR gets (3), -.BR printf (3), -.BR putc (3), -.BR puts (3), -.BR scanf (3), -.BR setbuf (3), -.BR ungetc (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -The value -.SM -.B EOF -is returned uniformly to indicate that a -.SM -.B FILE -pointer has not been initialized with -.BR fopen , -input (output) has been attempted on an output (input) stream, or a -.SM -.B FILE -pointer designates corrupt or otherwise unintelligible -.SM -.B FILE -data. -.PP -For purposes of efficiency, this implementation of the standard library -has been changed to line buffer output to a terminal by default and attempts -to do this transparently by flushing the output whenever a -.BR read (2) -from the standard input is necessary. This is almost always transparent, -but may cause confusion or malfunctioning of programs which use -standard i/o routines but use -.BR read (2) -themselves to read from the standard input. -.PP -In cases where a large amount of computation is done after printing -part of a line on an output terminal, it is necessary to -.BR fflush (3) -the standard output before going off and computing so that the output -will appear. -.SH BUGS -The standard buffered functions do not interact well with certain other -library and system functions, especially \fBfork\fP and \fBabort\fP. -.SH "LIST OF FUNCTIONS" -.sp 2 -.nf -.ta \w'setlinebuf'u+2n +\w'setbuf(3)'u+10n -\fBName\fP \fBAppears on Page\fP \fBDescription\fP -.ta \w'setlinebuf'u+4n +\w'setbuf(3)'u+4n -.sp 5p -clearerr ferror(3) stream status inquiries -fclose fclose(3) close or flush a stream -fdopen fopen(3) open a stream -feof ferror(3) stream status inquiries -ferror ferror(3) stream status inquiries -fflush fclose(3) close or flush a stream -fgetc getc(3) get character or word from stream -fgets gets(3) get a string from a stream -fileno ferror(3) stream status inquiries -fopen fopen(3) open a stream -fprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -fputc putc(3) put character or word on a stream -fputs puts(3) put a string on a stream -fread fread(3) buffered binary input/output -freopen fopen(3) open a stream -fscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion -fseek fseek(3) reposition a stream -ftell fseek(3) reposition a stream -fwrite fread(3) buffered binary input/output -getc getc(3) get character or word from stream -getchar getc(3) get character or word from stream -gets gets(3) get a string from a stream -getw getc(3) get character or word from stream -printf printf(3) formatted output conversion -putc putc(3) put character or word on a stream -putchar putc(3) put character or word on a stream -puts puts(3) put a string on a stream -putw putc(3) put character or word on a stream -rewind fseek(3) reposition a stream -scanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion -setbuf setbuf(3) assign buffering to a stream -setvbuf setbuf(3) assign buffering to a stream -snprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -sprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -sscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion -ungetc ungetc(3) push character back into input stream -vfprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -vfscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion -vprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -vscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion -vsnprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -vsprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion -vsscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion -.fi Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/string.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/string.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,149 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)string.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH STRING 3 "May 15, 1985" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -string, strcat, strncat, strcmp, strncmp, strcpy, strncpy, strlen, strchr, strrchr, strerror, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memchr, memset, index, rindex \- string operations -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -char *strcat(char *\fIs1\fP, const char *\fIs2\fP) -char *strncat(char *\fIs1\fP, const char *\fIs2\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -int strcmp(const char *\fIs1\fP, const char *\fIs2\fP) -int strncmp(const char *\fIs1\fP, const char *\fIs2\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -char *strcpy(char *\fIs1\fP, const char *\fIs2\fP) -char *strncpy(char *\fIs1\fP, const char *\fIs2\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -size_t strlen(const char *\fIs\fP) -char *strchr(const char *\fIs\fP, int \fIc\fP) -char *strrchr(const char *\fIs\fP, int \fIc\fP) -char *strerror(int \fIerrnum\fP) -int memcmp(const void *\fIs1\fP, const void *\fIs2\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -void *memcpy(void *\fIs1\fP, const void *\fIs2\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -void *memmove(void *\fIs1\fP, const void *\fIs2\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -void *memchr(const void *\fIs\fP, int \fIc\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -void *memset(void *\fIs\fP, int \fIc\fP, size_t \fIn\fP) -char *index(const char *\fIs\fP, int \fIc\fP) -char *rindex(const char *\fIs\fP, int \fIc\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These functions operate on null-terminated strings. -They do not check for overflow of any receiving string. -.PP -.B Strcat -appends a copy of string -.I s2 -to the end of string -.IR s1 . -.B Strncat -copies at most -.I n -characters. Both return a pointer to the null-terminated result. -.PP -.B Strcmp -compares its arguments and returns an integer -greater than, equal to, or less than 0, according as -.I s1 -is lexicographically greater than, equal to, or less than -.IR s2 . -.B Strncmp -makes the same comparison but looks at at most -.I n -characters. -.PP -.B Strcpy -copies string -.I s2 -to -.IR s1 , -stopping after the null character has been moved. -.B Strncpy -copies exactly -.I n -characters, truncating or null-padding -.I s2; -the target may not be null-terminated if the length of -.I s2 -is -.I n -or more. Both return -.IR s1 . -.PP -.B Strlen -returns the number of non-null characters in -.IR s . -.PP -.B Strchr -.RB ( strrchr ) -returns a pointer to the first (last) occurrence of character -.I c -in string -.I s, -or null if -.I c -does not occur in the string. -.PP -.B Strerror -returns the error string for the system call error -.IR errnum . -See -.BR intro (2). -.PP -.B Memcmp -is like -.B strcmp -except that the strings are memory blocks of length -.IR n . -Null characters are treated as ordinary characters. -.PP -.B Memcpy -copies -.I n -bytes from the location pointed to by -.I s2 -to -.IR s1 . -.B Memmove -is like memcpy, except that it can handle overlap between the two strings. -Both functions return -.IR s1 . -.PP -.B Memchr -returns a pointer to the first occurrence of character -.I c -in string -.I s, -or null if -.I c -does not occur in the string. -.PP -.B Memset -sets -.I n -bytes to -.I c -starting at location -.IR s . -It returns -.IR s . -.PP -.B Index -and -.B rindex -are obsolete versions of -.B strchr -and -.BR strrchr . -New code should avoid using them. -.SH NOTES -Characters are compared as -.BR "unsigned char" , -whether -.B char -itself is signed or not. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/syslog.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/syslog.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,198 +1,0 @@ -.\" Written Feb 1994 by Steve Greenland (stevegr@neosoft.com) -.\" -.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this -.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are -.\" preserved on all copies. -.\" -.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this -.\" manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the -.\" entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a -.\" permission notice identical to this one -.\" -.\" Since the Linux kernel and libraries are constantly changing, this -.\" manual page may be incorrect or out-of-date. The author(s) assume no -.\" responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from -.\" the use of the information contained herein. The author(s) may not -.\" have taken the same level of care in the production of this manual, -.\" which is licensed free of charge, as they might when working -.\" professionally. -.\" -.\" Formatted or processed versions of this manual, if unaccompanied by -.\" the source, must acknowledge the copyright and authors of this work. -.\" -.\" from SYSLOG 3 "15 Feb 1994" "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual" -.\" Modified for Minix porting by G. Falzoni -.\" $Id: syslog.3,v 1.1 2006/04/03 14:59:51 beng Exp $ -.\" -.\" Local macros -.de Xr -.BR \\$1 (\\$2)\\$3 -.. -.de LB -.TP \\$1 -\\fB\\$2\\fR -\\$3 -.. -.de LI -.TP \\$1 -\\fI\\$2\\fR -\\$3 -.. -.de LR -.TP \\$1 -\\fR\\$2\\fR -\\$3 -.. -.\" end local macros -.TH SYSLOG 3 "Jan. 18, 2000" -.SH NAME -openlog, syslog, closelog \- send messages to the system logger -.SH SYNOPSIS -.B #include -.sp -.BI "void openlog(char " *ident ", int " option ", int " facility) -.sp -.BI "void syslog(int " priority ", char " *format ", ...)" -.sp -.BI "void closelog(void)" -.sp -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B openlog() -opens a connection to the system logger for a program. The string pointed to by -.I ident -is added to each message, and is typically set to the program name. Values for -.I option -and -.I facility -are given in the next section. Its use is optional. It will automatically be called by -.B syslog() -if necessary, in which case -.I ident -will default to "syslog". -.sp -.B syslog() -generates a log message, which will be distributed by -.Xr syslogd 8 . -.I priority -is a combination of the -.I facility -and the -.IR level , -values for which are given in the next section. The remaining arguments -are a -.IR format , -as in -.Xr printf 3 -and any arguments required by the -.IR format . -.\" except that the two character %m will be replaced by the error message string -.\" RI ( strerror ) -.\" corresponding to the present value of -.\" IR errno . -.sp -.B closelog() -closes the descriptor being used to write to the system logger. Its use is optional. -.SH "PARAMETERS" -This section lists the parameters used to set the values of -.IR option , " facility" ", and " priority . -.SS option -The -.I option -argument to -.B openlog() -is an OR of any of these: -.TP -.B LOG_CONS -write directly to system console if there is an error while sending to -system logger -.TP -.B LOG_NDELAY -open the connection immediately (normally, the connection is opened when -the first message is logged) -.TP -.B LOG_PERROR -print to stderr as well -.TP -.B LOG_PID -include PID with each message -.SS facility -The -.I facility -argument is used to specify what type of program is logging the message. -This lets the configuration file specify that messages from different -facilities will be handled differently. -.TP -.B LOG_AUTH -security/authorization messages (DEPRECATED Use -.B LOG_AUTHPRIV -instead) -.TP -.B LOG_AUTHPRIV -security/authorization messages (private) -.TP -.B LOG_CRON -clock daemon -.RB ( cron " and " at ) -.TP -.B LOG_DAEMON -other system daemons -.TP -.B LOG_KERN -kernel messages -.TP -.BR LOG_LOCAL0 " through " LOG_LOCAL7 -reserved for local use -.TP -.B LOG_LPR -line printer subsystem -.TP -.B LOG_MAIL -mail subsystem -.TP -.B LOG_NEWS -USENET news subsystem -.TP -.B LOG_SYSLOG -messages generated internally by -.B syslogd -.TP -.BR LOG_USER (default) -generic user-level messages -.TP -.B LOG_UUCP -UUCP subsystem -.SS level -This determines the importance of the message. The levels are, in order -of decreasing importance: -.TP -.B LOG_EMERG -system is unusable -.TP -.B LOG_ALERT -action must be taken immediately -.TP -.B LOG_CRIT -critical conditions -.TP -.B LOG_ERR -error conditions -.TP -.B LOG_WARNING -warning conditions -.TP -.B LOG_NOTICE -normal, but significant, condition -.TP -.B LOG_INFO -informational message -.TP -.B LOG_DEBUG -debug-level message -.SH HISTORY -A -.B syslog -function call appeared in BSD 4.2. -.SH SEE ALSO -.Xr logger 1 , -.Xr syslog.conf 5 , -.Xr syslogd 8 . Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/system.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/system.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,30 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)system.3 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH SYSTEM 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -system \- issue a shell command -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int system(const char *\fIstring\fP) -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B System -causes the -.I string -to be given to -.BR sh (1) -as input as if the string had been typed as a command -at a terminal. -The current process waits until the shell has -completed, then returns the exit status of the shell. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR sh (1), -.BR popen (3), -.BR execve (2), -.BR wait (2). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -Exit status 127 indicates the shell couldn't be executed. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/termcap.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/termcap.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,167 +1,0 @@ -.\" Copyright (c) 1980 Regents of the University of California. -.\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement -.\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. -.\" -.\" @(#)termcap.3x 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH TERMCAP 3 "May 15, 1985" -.UC 4 -.SH NAME -termcap, tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs \- terminal independent operation routines -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int tgetent(char *\fIbp\fP, char *\fIname\fP) -int tgetflag(char *\fIid\fP) -int tgetnum(char *\fIid\fP) -char *tgetstr(char *\fIid\fP, char **\fIarea\fP) -char *tgoto(char *\fIcm\fP, int \fIdestcol\fP, int \fIdestline\fP) -int tputs(char *\fIcp\fP, int \fIaffcnt\fP, void (*\fIoutc\fP)(int)) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -These functions extract and use capabilities from the terminal capability data -base -.BR termcap (5). -These are low level routines; -see -.BR curses (3) -for a higher level package. -.PP -.B Tgetent -extracts the entry for terminal -.I name -into the buffer at -.IR bp . -.I Bp -should be a character buffer of size -1024 and must be retained through all subsequent calls -to -.BR tgetnum , -.BR tgetflag , -and -.BR tgetstr . -.B Tgetent -returns \-1 if it cannot find a termcap -file, 0 if the terminal name given does not have an entry, -and 1 if all goes well. -.PP -.B Tgetent -uses the following recipe to find the termcap file and entry -.IR name : -.PP -.in +5n -if $TERMCAP is itself a termcap entry for -.I name -.br -then -.in +5n -use $TERMCAP -.in -5n -elif $TERMCAP names a file -.br -then -.in +5n -use entry -.I name -found in that file -.in -5n -elif this is Minix-vmd -.br -then -.in +5n -if $TERMPATH is defined -.br -then -.in +5n -search the termcap files named in $TERMPATH for the first occurance of a -.I name -entry and use that entry -.in -5n -else -.in +5n -the path -.B $HOME/.termcap:/etc/termcap:/usr/etc/termcap" -is searched for entry -.I name -.in -5n -fi -.in -5n -fi -.in -5n -.RE -.PP -.B Tgetnum -gets the numeric value of capability -.IR id , -returning \-1 if is not given for the terminal. -.B Tgetflag -returns 1 if the specified capability is present in -the terminal's entry, 0 if it is not. -.B Tgetstr -returns the string value of the capability -.IR id , -places it in the buffer at -.IR area , -and advances the -.I area -pointer. -It decodes the abbreviations for this field described in -.BR termcap (5), -except for cursor addressing and padding information. -.B Tgetstr -returns NULL if the capability was not found. -.PP -.B Tgoto -returns a cursor addressing string decoded from -.I cm -to go to column -.I destcol -in line -.IR destline . -It uses the external variables -.B UP -(from the \fBup\fR capability) -and -.B BC -(if \fBbc\fR is given rather than \fBbs\fR) -if necessary to avoid placing \fB\en\fR, \fB^D\fR or \fB^@\fR in -the returned string. -(Programs which call tgoto should be sure to turn off the XTABS bit(s), -since -.B tgoto -may now output a tab. -Note that programs using termcap should in general turn off XTABS -anyway since some terminals use CTRL-I for other functions, -such as nondestructive space.) -If a \fB%\fR sequence is given which is not understood, then -.B tgoto -returns \*(lqOOPS\*(rq. -.PP -.B Tputs -decodes the leading padding information of the string -.IR cp ; -.I affcnt -gives the number of lines affected by the operation, or 1 if this is -not applicable, -.I outc -is a routine which is called with each character in turn. -The external variable -.B ospeed -should contain the output speed of the terminal as encoded by -.BR stty (3). -The external variable -.B PC -should contain a pad character to be used (from the \fBpc\fR capability) -if a null (\fB^@\fR) is inappropriate. -.SH SEE ALSO -.BR curses (3), -.BR termcap (5). -.SH AUTHOR -William Joy -.SH NOTES -The MINIX 3 implementation does not support any of the external variables, -only the functions calls. The Minix-vmd termcap does support it all, -although noone in his right mind meddles with those variables. Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/termios.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/termios.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,155 +1,0 @@ -.TH TERMIOS 3 -.SH NAME -termios, tcgetattr, tcsetattr, cfgetispeed, cfgetospeed, cfsetispeed, cfsetospeed, tcsendbreak, tcdrain, tcflush, tcflow \- change terminal attributes -.SH SYNOPSIS -.ft B -.nf -#include - -int tcgetattr(int \fIfd\fP, struct termios *\fItp\fP) -int tcsetattr(int \fIfd\fP, int \fIaction\fP, const struct termios *\fItp\fP) - -speed_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *\fItp\fP) -speed_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *\fItp\fP) -int cfsetispeed(struct termios *\fItp\fP, speed_t \fIspeed\fP) -int cfsetospeed(struct termios *\fItp\fP, speed_t \fIspeed\fP) - -int tcsendbreak(int \fIfd\fP, int \fIduration\fP) -int tcdrain(int \fIfd\fP) -int tcflush(int \fIfd\fP, int \fIqueue_selector\fP) -int tcflow(int \fIfd\fP, int \fIaction\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -.de SP -.if t .sp 0.4 -.if n .sp -.. -These are the user functions that modify the tty attributes mentioned in -.BR tty (4). -In the following, -.I fd -refers to an open terminal device file, -.I tp -is the address of a -.BR "struct termios" , -and -.I speed -and values of type -.B speed_t -are equal to one of the -.BR B0 , -.BR B50 , -etc. baud rate symbols. All functions, symbols, and types are declared in -.BR . -.PP -The effects of the tty functions are: -.TP -.B tcgetattr(\fIfd\fP, \fItp\fP) -Get the current settings of the tty attributes. -.TP -.B tcsetattr(\fIfd\fP, TCSANOW, \fItp\fP) -Set the terminal attributes. The change occurs immediately. -.TP -.B tcsetattr(\fIfd\fP, TCSADRAIN, \fItp\fP) -Set the terminal attributes. The change occurs once all the output waiting -in the output queues has been transmitted. This should be used when options -affecting output are changed. -.TP -.B tcsetattr(\fIfd\fP, TCSAFLUSH, \fItp\fP) -Set the terminal attributes. But first wait until all the output waiting -in the output queues has been transmitted. All input waiting in the input -queues is then discarded and the change is made. This should be used when -switching from canonical to non-canonical mode or vice-versa. (Oddly -enough, this is seldom what you want, because it discards typeahead. An -editing shell does the Right Thing if it uses -.B TCSANOW -instead. \s-2POSIX\s+2 may not guarantee good results, but in practice most -systems make the canonical input available in raw mode.) -.TP -.B cfgetispeed(\fItp\fP) -Return the input baud rate encoded in the termios structure. -.TP -.B cfgetospeed(\fItp\fP) -Return the output baud rate encoded in the termios structure. -.TP -.B cfsetispeed(\fItp\fP, \fIspeed\fP) -Encode the new input baud rate into the termios structure. -.TP -.B cfsetospeed(\fItp\fP, \fIspeed\fP) -Encode the new output baud rate into the termios structure. -.TP -.B tcsendbreak(\fIfd\fP, \fIduration\fP) -Emit a break condition on a serial line for a time indicated by -.IR duration . -(Always 0.4 seconds under MINIX 3, -.I duration -is ignored.) -.TP -.B tcdrain(\fIfd\fP) -Wait until all output waiting in the output queues has been transmitted. -.TP -.B tcflush(\fIfd\fP, TCIFLUSH) -Flush the input queue. (I.e. discard it.) -.TP -.B tcflush(\fIfd\fP, TCOFLUSH) -Flush the output queue. -.TP -.B tcflush(\fIfd\fP, TCIOFLUSH) -Flush the input and output queues. -.TP -.B tcflow(\fIfd\fP, TCOOFF) -Suspend output. (Like the effect of -.BR STOP .) -.TP -.B tcflow(\fIfd\fP, TCOON) -Restart output. (Like the effect of -.BR START .) -.TP -.B tcflow(\fIfd\fP, TCIOFF) -Transmit a -.B STOP -character intended to make the remote device stop transmitting data. -.TP -.B tcflow(\fIfd\fP, TCION) -Transmit a -.B START -character to restart the remote device. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR stty (1), -.BR tty (4). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -All functions return 0 unless otherwise specified, and \-1 on error with -.B errno -set to indicate the type of error. The most notable errors are -.B ENOTTY -if -.I fd -does not refer to a terminal device, and -.B EINTR -if one of the functions waiting for output to drain is interrupted. -.SH NOTES -It may be interesting to know that the functions operating on the tty are -directly translated into the following MINIX 3 -.B ioctl -requests: -.BR TCGETS , -.BR TCSETS -(now), -.BR TCSETSW -(drain), -.BR TCSETSF , -(flush), -.BR TCSBRK , -.BR TCDRAIN , -.BR TCFLSH , -and -.BR TCFLOW . -You should only use this knowledge when trying to understand the tty driver -code, of course. -.SH BUGS -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) - -.\" -.\" $PchId: termios.3,v 1.2 1996/04/11 06:41:24 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/ttyname.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/ttyname.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,28 +1,0 @@ -.TH TTYNAME 3 -.SH NAME -ttyname \- file descriptor to terminal device name -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#define _POSIX_SOURCE 1 -#include - -char *ttyname(int \fIfd\fP) -.ft P -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Ttyname -searches through the -.B /dev -directory for the terminal device file that is associated with file -descriptor -.IR fd . -It returns the full path name of the terminal file if found, NULL is -returned otherwise. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ttyslot (3). -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) - -.\" -.\" $PchId: ttyname.3,v 1.2 1996/04/11 06:42:17 philip Exp $ Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/ttyslot.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/ttyslot.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,56 +1,0 @@ -.TH TTYSLOT 3 -.SH NAME -ttyslot, fttyslot \- utmp slot number -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#define _MINIX_SOURCE 1 -#include - -int ttyslot(void) -int fttyslot(int \fIfd\fP) -.fi -.ft P -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Ttyslot() -returns the index of the login terminal in the -.B utmp -file. It tries -.B fttyslot() -on file descriptors -.BR 0, -.BR 1, -and -.BR 2 -to find the index. -.PP -.B Fttyslot() -returns the utmp index of the terminal associated with file descriptor -.IR fd . -First it tries to map -.I fd -to a terminal name with -.BR ttyname (3), -then it searches the -.BR ttytab (5) -database with the -.BR getttyent (3) -function for this terminal. This means that the utmp slot number is the -same as the ttytab entry number counting from 1. The value 0 is returned if -no slot number can be found for a file descriptor. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR ttyname (3), -.BR getttyent (3), -.BR utmp (5), -.BR ttytab (5), -.BR init (8). -.SH NOTES -Since 0 is used as an error return this means that the first entry in the -utmp file is not used. -.PP -.B Ttyslot() -is often found in a UNIX implementation, -.B fttyslot() -is MINIX 3 specific. -.SH AUTHOR -Kees J. Bot (kjb@cs.vu.nl) Index: trunk/minix/man/man3/ungetc.3 =================================================================== --- trunk/minix/man/man3/ungetc.3 (revision 9) +++ (revision ) @@ -1,41 +1,0 @@ -.\" @(#)ungetc.3s 6.1 (Berkeley) 5/15/85 -.\" -.TH UNGETC 3 "May 15, 1985" -.AT 3 -.SH NAME -ungetc \- push character back into input stream -.SH SYNOPSIS -.nf -.ft B -#include - -int ungetc(int \fIc\fP, FILE *\fIstream\fP) -.ft R -.fi -.SH DESCRIPTION -.B Ungetc -pushes the character -.I c -back on an input stream. That character will be returned by the next -.B getc -call on that stream. -.B Ungetc -returns -.IR c . -.PP -One character of pushback is guaranteed provided -something has been read from the stream and the stream is actually buffered. -Attempts to push EOF are rejected. -.PP -.BR Fseek (3) -erases all memory of pushed back characters. -.SH "SEE ALSO" -.BR getc (3), -.BR setbuf (3), -.BR fseek (3). -.SH DIAGNOSTICS -.B Ungetc -returns -.SM -.B EOF -if it can't push a character back.